Triple
T9770322
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Pauli–Villars regularization |
E237107
|
entity |
| Predicate | introducedBy |
P513
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Felix Villars
Felix Villars was a Swiss-American theoretical physicist best known for co-developing the Pauli–Villars regularization method used to handle divergences in quantum field theory.
|
E821323
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Felix Villars | Statement: [Pauli–Villars regularization, introducedBy, Felix Villars]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Felix Villars Context triple: [Pauli–Villars regularization, introducedBy, Felix Villars]
-
A.
Felix Guilbe
Felix Guilbe was a standout Negro league baseball player best known for his time with the Baltimore Elite Giants.
-
B.
Félix de Vandenesse
Félix de Vandenesse is the introspective young nobleman and narrator of Honoré de Balzac’s novel "Le Lys dans la vallée," whose unfulfilled, idealized love shapes the story’s emotional core.
-
C.
Xavier Fabre
Xavier Fabre is a French architect known for designing prominent cultural venues, including the Mariinsky Concert Hall in Saint Petersburg.
-
D.
Raoul La Roche
Raoul La Roche was a Swiss banker and prominent art collector known for his patronage of modern architecture and the arts, including commissioning Le Corbusier’s Villa La Roche in Paris.
-
E.
Alexandre de Franceschi
Alexandre de Franceschi is a film editor known for his work on the movie "Lion."
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Felix Villars Triple: [Pauli–Villars regularization, introducedBy, Felix Villars]
Generated description
Felix Villars was a Swiss-American theoretical physicist best known for co-developing the Pauli–Villars regularization method used to handle divergences in quantum field theory.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Felix Villars Target entity description: Felix Villars was a Swiss-American theoretical physicist best known for co-developing the Pauli–Villars regularization method used to handle divergences in quantum field theory.
-
A.
Felix Guilbe
Felix Guilbe was a standout Negro league baseball player best known for his time with the Baltimore Elite Giants.
-
B.
Félix de Vandenesse
Félix de Vandenesse is the introspective young nobleman and narrator of Honoré de Balzac’s novel "Le Lys dans la vallée," whose unfulfilled, idealized love shapes the story’s emotional core.
-
C.
Xavier Fabre
Xavier Fabre is a French architect known for designing prominent cultural venues, including the Mariinsky Concert Hall in Saint Petersburg.
-
D.
Raoul La Roche
Raoul La Roche was a Swiss banker and prominent art collector known for his patronage of modern architecture and the arts, including commissioning Le Corbusier’s Villa La Roche in Paris.
-
E.
Alexandre de Franceschi
Alexandre de Franceschi is a film editor known for his work on the movie "Lion."
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ca84d831b8819090322686b47887ce |
completed | March 30, 2026, 2:12 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69cda0f1dea08190b89bcc192b068c66 |
completed | April 1, 2026, 10:49 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69d1c4154af081908ca743b43ade83c7 |
completed | April 5, 2026, 2:08 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69d1c4d62a78819089ece2bb1f5fb66b |
completed | April 5, 2026, 2:11 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69d1c589b90481908bc0944868d648b2 |
completed | April 5, 2026, 2:14 a.m. |
Created at: March 30, 2026, 8:26 p.m.