Triple
T964282
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Ferdinand von Lindemann |
E20803
|
entity |
| Predicate | doctoralStudent |
P167
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Arnold Sommerfeld |
E32730
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Arnold Sommerfeld | Statement: [Ferdinand von Lindemann, doctoralStudent, Arnold Sommerfeld]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Arnold Sommerfeld Context triple: [Ferdinand von Lindemann, doctoralStudent, Arnold Sommerfeld]
-
A.
Arnold Sommerfeld
chosen
Arnold Sommerfeld was a pioneering German theoretical physicist whose work in atomic and quantum theory significantly shaped modern physics and influenced generations of prominent scientists.
-
B.
Pascual Jordan
Pascual Jordan was a German theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, particularly through his work on matrix mechanics and canonical quantization.
-
C.
Max Born
Max Born was a German physicist and Nobel laureate who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics, particularly in the statistical interpretation of the wave function.
-
D.
Gustav Hertz
Gustav Hertz was a German physicist and Nobel laureate best known for the Franck–Hertz experiment, which provided key evidence for the quantization of energy levels in atoms.
-
E.
Oskar Klein
Oskar Klein was a Swedish theoretical physicist best known for the Kaluza–Klein theory, which attempted to unify gravity and electromagnetism through extra spatial dimensions.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a493b33d2c81909c52c369d3ca8436 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 7:29 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a4b4303e5881909d101d11f9732c75 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 9:48 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69acbf0c16c0819090fc6618f0551c04 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 12:13 a.m. |
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:40 p.m.