Triple
T9637430
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Born–Infeld electrodynamics |
E232968
|
entity |
| Predicate | generalizedTo |
P2372
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Dirac–Born–Infeld action
The Dirac–Born–Infeld action is a nonlinear relativistic field theory action that describes the dynamics of D-branes in string theory, incorporating both their embedding in spacetime and the gauge fields living on them.
|
E232968
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Dirac–Born–Infeld action | Statement: [Born–Infeld electrodynamics, generalizedTo, Dirac–Born–Infeld action]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dirac–Born–Infeld action Context triple: [Born–Infeld electrodynamics, generalizedTo, Dirac–Born–Infeld action]
-
A.
Born–Infeld electrodynamics
Born–Infeld electrodynamics is a nonlinear modification of classical Maxwell theory proposed to remove the infinite self-energy of point charges by introducing an upper bound on the electromagnetic field strength.
-
B.
Nambu–Goto action
The Nambu–Goto action is a fundamental formulation in string theory that describes the dynamics of relativistic strings by minimizing the area of their worldsheet in spacetime.
-
C.
Einstein–Hilbert action
The Einstein–Hilbert action is the fundamental action in general relativity whose variation yields Einstein’s field equations, expressing gravity as the dynamics of spacetime curvature.
-
D.
Polyakov action in string theory
The Polyakov action in string theory is a reformulation of the string’s dynamics that treats the worldsheet metric as an independent field, providing a convenient starting point for quantizing strings and analyzing their conformal symmetry.
-
E.
Polyakov action
The Polyakov action is a fundamental formulation of string theory that describes the dynamics of relativistic strings via a two-dimensional worldsheet embedded in spacetime.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Dirac–Born–Infeld action Triple: [Born–Infeld electrodynamics, generalizedTo, Dirac–Born–Infeld action]
Generated description
The Dirac–Born–Infeld action is a nonlinear relativistic field theory action that describes the dynamics of D-branes in string theory, incorporating both their embedding in spacetime and the gauge fields living on them.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dirac–Born–Infeld action Target entity description: The Dirac–Born–Infeld action is a nonlinear relativistic field theory action that describes the dynamics of D-branes in string theory, incorporating both their embedding in spacetime and the gauge fields living on them.
-
A.
Born–Infeld electrodynamics
chosen
Born–Infeld electrodynamics is a nonlinear modification of classical Maxwell theory proposed to remove the infinite self-energy of point charges by introducing an upper bound on the electromagnetic field strength.
-
B.
Nambu–Goto action
The Nambu–Goto action is a fundamental formulation in string theory that describes the dynamics of relativistic strings by minimizing the area of their worldsheet in spacetime.
-
C.
Einstein–Hilbert action
The Einstein–Hilbert action is the fundamental action in general relativity whose variation yields Einstein’s field equations, expressing gravity as the dynamics of spacetime curvature.
-
D.
Polyakov action in string theory
The Polyakov action in string theory is a reformulation of the string’s dynamics that treats the worldsheet metric as an independent field, providing a convenient starting point for quantizing strings and analyzing their conformal symmetry.
-
E.
Polyakov action
The Polyakov action is a fundamental formulation of string theory that describes the dynamics of relativistic strings via a two-dimensional worldsheet embedded in spacetime.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ca848940cc8190b97cec654cb3bb4a |
completed | March 30, 2026, 2:11 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69cd9b5045cc8190ab717f42d803e010 |
completed | April 1, 2026, 10:25 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69d1823e32c48190a442b77a0f7c8180 |
completed | April 4, 2026, 9:27 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69d18393656c81908821ae0d7af83a57 |
completed | April 4, 2026, 9:33 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69d183f733cc8190bbb69c035c1d397a |
completed | April 4, 2026, 9:34 p.m. |
Created at: March 30, 2026, 8:11 p.m.