Triple

T9634863
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Zeeman slower E232902 entity
Predicate basedOn P98 FINISHED
Object Doppler cooling
Doppler cooling is a laser-based technique used to reduce the thermal motion of atoms or ions by exploiting the Doppler effect to selectively slow particles moving toward the light source.
E811517 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Doppler cooling | Statement: [Zeeman slower, basedOn, Doppler cooling]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Doppler cooling
Context triple: [Zeeman slower, basedOn, Doppler cooling]
  • A. Ioffe–Pritchard trap
    The Ioffe–Pritchard trap is a magnetic confinement device that creates a three-dimensional minimum in magnetic field strength to stably trap neutral atoms or antimatter such as antihydrogen.
  • B. Kapitza–Dirac effect
    The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
  • C. Unruh effect
    The Unruh effect is a predicted phenomenon in quantum field theory where an accelerating observer perceives what inertial observers consider vacuum as a warm bath of particles with a characteristic temperature.
  • D. Bose–Einstein condensate
    A Bose–Einstein condensate is an exotic state of matter formed when a dilute gas of bosons is cooled to temperatures near absolute zero, causing a large fraction of the particles to occupy the same quantum state and behave as a single quantum entity.
  • E. Purcell effect
    The Purcell effect is a quantum electrodynamics phenomenon in which the spontaneous emission rate of an emitter is enhanced or suppressed by its surrounding electromagnetic environment, such as a resonant cavity.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Doppler cooling
Triple: [Zeeman slower, basedOn, Doppler cooling]
Generated description
Doppler cooling is a laser-based technique used to reduce the thermal motion of atoms or ions by exploiting the Doppler effect to selectively slow particles moving toward the light source.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Doppler cooling
Target entity description: Doppler cooling is a laser-based technique used to reduce the thermal motion of atoms or ions by exploiting the Doppler effect to selectively slow particles moving toward the light source.
  • A. Ioffe–Pritchard trap
    The Ioffe–Pritchard trap is a magnetic confinement device that creates a three-dimensional minimum in magnetic field strength to stably trap neutral atoms or antimatter such as antihydrogen.
  • B. Kapitza–Dirac effect
    The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
  • C. Unruh effect
    The Unruh effect is a predicted phenomenon in quantum field theory where an accelerating observer perceives what inertial observers consider vacuum as a warm bath of particles with a characteristic temperature.
  • D. Bose–Einstein condensate
    A Bose–Einstein condensate is an exotic state of matter formed when a dilute gas of bosons is cooled to temperatures near absolute zero, causing a large fraction of the particles to occupy the same quantum state and behave as a single quantum entity.
  • E. Purcell effect
    The Purcell effect is a quantum electrodynamics phenomenon in which the spontaneous emission rate of an emitter is enhanced or suppressed by its surrounding electromagnetic environment, such as a resonant cavity.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca848940cc8190b97cec654cb3bb4a completed March 30, 2026, 2:11 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cd9b2a0e2c8190ab5aaa223b1e1cde completed April 1, 2026, 10:24 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69d18237e2608190a3e7d45231a35efd completed April 4, 2026, 9:27 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69d18333b5c4819090152a2da5e51e87 completed April 4, 2026, 9:31 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69d183c8da2c8190a655c49994b94698 completed April 4, 2026, 9:34 p.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 8:11 p.m.