Triple

T9627501
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Koomey's law E232505 entity
Predicate namedAfter P63 FINISHED
Object Jonathan Koomey
Jonathan Koomey is an energy and environmental researcher best known for formulating Koomey’s law, which describes the long-term trend of improving energy efficiency in computing.
 E809919 NE FINISHED

Named-entity recognition

Before disambiguation, gpt-5-mini classified whether the object phrase is a named entity — the step behind the object's NE type shown above.

Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Jonathan Koomey | Statement: [Koomey's law, namedAfter, Jonathan Koomey]

Disambiguation candidates (2 decisions)

The exact options the model was shown at each disambiguation step, with the option it chose highlighted — the evidence behind this triple's disambiguated ids.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Jonathan Koomey
Context triple: [Koomey's law, namedAfter, Jonathan Koomey]
  • A. Frank Lanning
    Frank Lanning was an American character actor of the silent film era, known for his supporting roles in numerous Westerns and early Hollywood productions.
  • B. John Ritchie
    John Ritchie was the father of John Simon Ritchie, better known as Sid Vicious of the Sex Pistols.
  • C. John Culberson
    John Culberson is an American Republican politician and attorney who represented Texas in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2001 to 2019.
  • D. Ian Foster
    Ian Foster is a New Zealand rugby union coach best known for serving as head coach of the All Blacks national team.
  • E. Andrew G. Myers
    Andrew G. Myers is an American organic chemist renowned for his contributions to complex molecule synthesis and medicinal chemistry.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Jonathan Koomey
Target entity description: Jonathan Koomey is an energy and environmental researcher best known for formulating Koomey’s law, which describes the long-term trend of improving energy efficiency in computing.
  • A. Frank Lanning
    Frank Lanning was an American character actor of the silent film era, known for his supporting roles in numerous Westerns and early Hollywood productions.
  • B. John Ritchie
    John Ritchie was the father of John Simon Ritchie, better known as Sid Vicious of the Sex Pistols.
  • C. John Culberson
    John Culberson is an American Republican politician and attorney who represented Texas in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2001 to 2019.
  • D. Ian Foster
    Ian Foster is a New Zealand rugby union coach best known for serving as head coach of the All Blacks national team.
  • E. Andrew G. Myers
    Andrew G. Myers is an American organic chemist renowned for his contributions to complex molecule synthesis and medicinal chemistry.
  • F. None of above. chosen

How the object was described

The object's one-sentence description was generated by prompting gpt-5.1 with the object name and this triple as context.

Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Jonathan Koomey
Triple: [Koomey's law, namedAfter, Jonathan Koomey]
Generated description
Jonathan Koomey is an energy and environmental researcher best known for formulating Koomey’s law, which describes the long-term trend of improving energy efficiency in computing.

Provenance (5 batches)

Stage Batch ID Job type Status
creating batch_69ca848793ec8190a93a12383a754dc0 elicitation completed
NER batch_69cd9afeb64c8190be91024c2e9039d3 ner completed
NED1 batch_69d1798129dc819090a29efcbcf34b8e ned_source_triple completed
NED2 batch_69d17ac217188190921d08f8aa7ca833 ned_description completed
NEDg batch_69d17a48fa188190af50e4a1b9f1653b nedg completed
Created at: March 30, 2026, 8:10 p.m.