Triple

T9402934
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject David Card E226518 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Empirical studies of the New Jersey–Pennsylvania minimum wage experiment
Empirical studies of the New Jersey–Pennsylvania minimum wage experiment are influential research analyses that challenged conventional economic theory by showing that raising the minimum wage did not necessarily reduce employment in fast-food restaurants.
E795880 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Empirical studies of the New Jersey–Pennsylvania minimum wage experiment | Statement: [David Card, notableWork, Empirical studies of the New Jersey–Pennsylvania minimum wage experiment]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Empirical studies of the New Jersey–Pennsylvania minimum wage experiment
Context triple: [David Card, notableWork, Empirical studies of the New Jersey–Pennsylvania minimum wage experiment]
  • A. Frisch elasticity of labor supply
    The Frisch elasticity of labor supply is an economic measure that captures how responsive individuals’ labor supply is to changes in wages when their expected lifetime wealth is held constant.
  • B. Tasks, Automation, and the Rise in US Wage Inequality
    "Tasks, Automation, and the Rise in US Wage Inequality" is an economics research paper analyzing how technological change and the automation of specific job tasks have contributed to growing wage inequality in the United States.
  • C. The Elasticity of Taxable Income: Evidence and Implications
    "The Elasticity of Taxable Income: Evidence and Implications" is a highly influential economics paper by Emmanuel Saez that analyzes how taxpayers respond to changes in marginal tax rates and draws policy conclusions for optimal tax design.
  • D. American Economic Journal: Microeconomics
    American Economic Journal: Microeconomics is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on research in microeconomic theory and applied microeconomics.
  • E. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
    American Economic Journal: Applied Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on empirical microeconomic research and real-world policy applications.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Empirical studies of the New Jersey–Pennsylvania minimum wage experiment
Triple: [David Card, notableWork, Empirical studies of the New Jersey–Pennsylvania minimum wage experiment]
Generated description
Empirical studies of the New Jersey–Pennsylvania minimum wage experiment are influential research analyses that challenged conventional economic theory by showing that raising the minimum wage did not necessarily reduce employment in fast-food restaurants.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Empirical studies of the New Jersey–Pennsylvania minimum wage experiment
Target entity description: Empirical studies of the New Jersey–Pennsylvania minimum wage experiment are influential research analyses that challenged conventional economic theory by showing that raising the minimum wage did not necessarily reduce employment in fast-food restaurants.
  • A. Frisch elasticity of labor supply
    The Frisch elasticity of labor supply is an economic measure that captures how responsive individuals’ labor supply is to changes in wages when their expected lifetime wealth is held constant.
  • B. Tasks, Automation, and the Rise in US Wage Inequality
    "Tasks, Automation, and the Rise in US Wage Inequality" is an economics research paper analyzing how technological change and the automation of specific job tasks have contributed to growing wage inequality in the United States.
  • C. The Elasticity of Taxable Income: Evidence and Implications
    "The Elasticity of Taxable Income: Evidence and Implications" is a highly influential economics paper by Emmanuel Saez that analyzes how taxpayers respond to changes in marginal tax rates and draws policy conclusions for optimal tax design.
  • D. American Economic Journal: Microeconomics
    American Economic Journal: Microeconomics is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on research in microeconomic theory and applied microeconomics.
  • E. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
    American Economic Journal: Applied Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on empirical microeconomic research and real-world policy applications.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca843170f88190800a8ab2b5fc568e completed March 30, 2026, 2:09 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cd51be35cc8190bafad423a142c305 completed April 1, 2026, 5:11 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69d1012ca6c0819098c427233d226dd2 completed April 4, 2026, 12:16 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69d101bf84548190a28e5f24aff265b1 completed April 4, 2026, 12:19 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69d1025ebf5c8190914b682117b01827 completed April 4, 2026, 12:21 p.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 7:46 p.m.