Triple

T9074816
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Abd al-Rahman III E217457 entity
Predicate strengthenedControlOver P64448 FINISHED
Object Upper March of al-Andalus
The Upper March of al-Andalus was the northern frontier region of Muslim-ruled Iberia, centered around the Ebro Valley, that served as a key military and administrative buffer zone against Christian kingdoms to the north.
E776654 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (5 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Upper March of al-Andalus | Statement: [Abd al-Rahman III, strengthenedControlOver, Upper March of al-Andalus]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Upper March of al-Andalus
Context triple: [Abd al-Rahman III, strengthenedControlOver, Upper March of al-Andalus]
  • A. Taifas of Al-Andalus
    The Taifas of Al-Andalus were a collection of independent Muslim principalities that emerged on the Iberian Peninsula following the fragmentation of the Caliphate of Córdoba in the 11th century.
  • B. Niebla, Al-Andalus
    Niebla, Al-Andalus was a medieval town in Islamic Spain known as a regional center in al-Andalus and historically notable as the place where the scholar Ibn Hazm died.
  • C. Taifa of Alpuente
    The Taifa of Alpuente was a small medieval Muslim principality in eastern al-Andalus that emerged after the collapse of the Caliphate of Córdoba and was later absorbed by larger neighboring powers.
  • D. Taifa of Córdoba
    The Taifa of Córdoba was a medieval Muslim principality centered on the city of Córdoba that emerged after the fragmentation of the Caliphate of Córdoba in 11th-century al-Andalus.
  • E. Taifa of Mértola
    The Taifa of Mértola was a small medieval Muslim principality centered on the town of Mértola in southern Portugal during the period of fragmented Islamic rule in the Iberian Peninsula.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Upper March of al-Andalus
Triple: [Abd al-Rahman III, strengthenedControlOver, Upper March of al-Andalus]
Generated description
The Upper March of al-Andalus was the northern frontier region of Muslim-ruled Iberia, centered around the Ebro Valley, that served as a key military and administrative buffer zone against Christian kingdoms to the north.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Upper March of al-Andalus
Target entity description: The Upper March of al-Andalus was the northern frontier region of Muslim-ruled Iberia, centered around the Ebro Valley, that served as a key military and administrative buffer zone against Christian kingdoms to the north.
  • A. Taifas of Al-Andalus
    The Taifas of Al-Andalus were a collection of independent Muslim principalities that emerged on the Iberian Peninsula following the fragmentation of the Caliphate of Córdoba in the 11th century.
  • B. Niebla, Al-Andalus
    Niebla, Al-Andalus was a medieval town in Islamic Spain known as a regional center in al-Andalus and historically notable as the place where the scholar Ibn Hazm died.
  • C. Taifa of Alpuente
    The Taifa of Alpuente was a small medieval Muslim principality in eastern al-Andalus that emerged after the collapse of the Caliphate of Córdoba and was later absorbed by larger neighboring powers.
  • D. Taifa of Córdoba
    The Taifa of Córdoba was a medieval Muslim principality centered on the city of Córdoba that emerged after the fragmentation of the Caliphate of Córdoba in 11th-century al-Andalus.
  • E. Taifa of Mértola
    The Taifa of Mértola was a small medieval Muslim principality centered on the town of Mértola in southern Portugal during the period of fragmented Islamic rule in the Iberian Peninsula.
  • F. None of above. chosen
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: strengthenedControlOver
Context triple: [Abd al-Rahman III, strengthenedControlOver, Upper March of al-Andalus]
  • A. expandedControlOver chosen
    Indicates that one entity has increased or broadened authority, influence, or power over another entity or domain compared to a prior state.
  • B. recognizedControlOf
    Indicates that one entity has formally acknowledged and accepted another entity’s authority or control over something.
  • C. strengthenedStatusOf
    Indicates that the status, condition, or standing of one entity has been made stronger or more robust in relation to another entity or context.
  • D. institutionalControl
    Indicates that one institution has governing, regulatory, or managerial authority over another entity or activity.
  • E. scopeOfControl
    Indicates the extent or range within which an entity has authority, influence, or control over another entity or set of entities.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (6 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca83d6c14c8190bc056d927f00a2a2 completed March 30, 2026, 2:08 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cc95c4026c8190b553aedb9f4beabb completed April 1, 2026, 3:49 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69cffdfe16c4819092c884bc3fe5daeb completed April 3, 2026, 5:50 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69d0013b50e081909595efe822bf5565 completed April 3, 2026, 6:04 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69d001f04db48190aaa1fb9efb36df2b completed April 3, 2026, 6:07 p.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69cc65fa79bc81908b46f05c8bba920f completed April 1, 2026, 12:25 a.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 7:12 p.m.