Triple

T9035727
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Carl David Anderson E216486 entity
Predicate hasWork P6260 FINISHED
Object Cosmic-Ray Particles (book)
"Cosmic-Ray Particles" is a scientific book by Nobel Prize–winning physicist Carl David Anderson that explores the nature, detection, and significance of cosmic rays in particle physics and astrophysics.
E773739 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Cosmic-Ray Particles (book) | Statement: [Carl David Anderson, hasWork, Cosmic-Ray Particles (book)]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cosmic-Ray Particles (book)
Context triple: [Carl David Anderson, hasWork, Cosmic-Ray Particles (book)]
  • A. Cosmic Rays (book)
    Cosmic Rays is a seminal 1964 monograph by physicist Bruno Rossi that systematically presents the experimental study and fundamental physics of high-energy particles from outer space.
  • B. Physics of Astrophysics, Volume I: Radiation
    Physics of Astrophysics, Volume I: Radiation is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically develops the principles of radiative processes and their applications to astrophysical phenomena.
  • C. Department of Cosmic Ray Physics
    The Department of Cosmic Ray Physics is a research division specializing in the study of high-energy particles from space and their interactions with matter and fields.
  • D. From Quarks to the Cosmos
    From Quarks to the Cosmos is a popular science book that explores fundamental particles and forces to explain how modern physics understands the origin and structure of the universe.
  • E. An Essay in Cosmology
    An Essay in Cosmology is the subtitle of Alfred North Whitehead’s major philosophical work *Process and Reality*, which presents his influential process philosophy and metaphysical system.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Cosmic-Ray Particles (book)
Triple: [Carl David Anderson, hasWork, Cosmic-Ray Particles (book)]
Generated description
"Cosmic-Ray Particles" is a scientific book by Nobel Prize–winning physicist Carl David Anderson that explores the nature, detection, and significance of cosmic rays in particle physics and astrophysics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cosmic-Ray Particles (book)
Target entity description: "Cosmic-Ray Particles" is a scientific book by Nobel Prize–winning physicist Carl David Anderson that explores the nature, detection, and significance of cosmic rays in particle physics and astrophysics.
  • A. Cosmic Rays (book)
    Cosmic Rays is a seminal 1964 monograph by physicist Bruno Rossi that systematically presents the experimental study and fundamental physics of high-energy particles from outer space.
  • B. Physics of Astrophysics, Volume I: Radiation
    Physics of Astrophysics, Volume I: Radiation is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically develops the principles of radiative processes and their applications to astrophysical phenomena.
  • C. Department of Cosmic Ray Physics
    The Department of Cosmic Ray Physics is a research division specializing in the study of high-energy particles from space and their interactions with matter and fields.
  • D. From Quarks to the Cosmos
    From Quarks to the Cosmos is a popular science book that explores fundamental particles and forces to explain how modern physics understands the origin and structure of the universe.
  • E. An Essay in Cosmology
    An Essay in Cosmology is the subtitle of Alfred North Whitehead’s major philosophical work *Process and Reality*, which presents his influential process philosophy and metaphysical system.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca83d10b608190b2b2f8e0a7faaf14 completed March 30, 2026, 2:08 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cc6ac0b00c8190a7250b86bb7cc276 completed April 1, 2026, 12:45 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69cfdbd1cd688190a4456f242e6d3ddf completed April 3, 2026, 3:25 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69cfdc9868fc8190addad6b87b567277 completed April 3, 2026, 3:28 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69cfe0aafe4c81908a5b31590f6c9152 completed April 3, 2026, 3:45 p.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 7:08 p.m.