Triple

T8677796
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Roman Ghetto E205958 entity
Predicate establishedBy P104 FINISHED
Object papal bull Cum nimis absurdum
Papal bull Cum nimis absurdum was a 1555 decree by Pope Paul IV that imposed severe restrictions on Jews in the Papal States, including confining them to the Roman Ghetto.
E752157 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: papal bull Cum nimis absurdum | Statement: [Roman Ghetto, establishedBy, papal bull Cum nimis absurdum]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: papal bull Cum nimis absurdum
Context triple: [Roman Ghetto, establishedBy, papal bull Cum nimis absurdum]
  • A. papal bull "Cum non solum"
    The papal bull "Cum non solum" is a 1245 letter from Pope Innocent IV addressed to the Mongol ruler Güyük Khan, urging peace with Christian nations and calling for an end to attacks on Europe.
  • B. papal bull Ad extirpanda
    The papal bull *Ad extirpanda* is a 1252 decree by Pope Innocent IV that authorized and regulated the use of torture by inquisitors in the persecution of heresy.
  • C. papal bull Provida solersque
    Provida solersque is the papal bull issued by the Pope that formally created and organized the Roman Catholic Diocese of Freiburg in the early 19th century.
  • D. papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem
    The papal bull *Decet Romanum Pontificem* (1521) is the decree by Pope Leo X that formally excommunicated Martin Luther from the Catholic Church.
  • E. papal bull Exsurge Domine
    The papal bull *Exsurge Domine* is a 1520 decree by Pope Leo X condemning Martin Luther’s teachings and threatening him with excommunication, marking a pivotal moment in the early Reformation.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: papal bull Cum nimis absurdum
Triple: [Roman Ghetto, establishedBy, papal bull Cum nimis absurdum]
Generated description
Papal bull Cum nimis absurdum was a 1555 decree by Pope Paul IV that imposed severe restrictions on Jews in the Papal States, including confining them to the Roman Ghetto.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: papal bull Cum nimis absurdum
Target entity description: Papal bull Cum nimis absurdum was a 1555 decree by Pope Paul IV that imposed severe restrictions on Jews in the Papal States, including confining them to the Roman Ghetto.
  • A. papal bull "Cum non solum"
    The papal bull "Cum non solum" is a 1245 letter from Pope Innocent IV addressed to the Mongol ruler Güyük Khan, urging peace with Christian nations and calling for an end to attacks on Europe.
  • B. papal bull Ad extirpanda
    The papal bull *Ad extirpanda* is a 1252 decree by Pope Innocent IV that authorized and regulated the use of torture by inquisitors in the persecution of heresy.
  • C. papal bull Provida solersque
    Provida solersque is the papal bull issued by the Pope that formally created and organized the Roman Catholic Diocese of Freiburg in the early 19th century.
  • D. papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem
    The papal bull *Decet Romanum Pontificem* (1521) is the decree by Pope Leo X that formally excommunicated Martin Luther from the Catholic Church.
  • E. papal bull Exsurge Domine
    The papal bull *Exsurge Domine* is a 1520 decree by Pope Leo X condemning Martin Luther’s teachings and threatening him with excommunication, marking a pivotal moment in the early Reformation.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca83529a9c8190b5c075b4f14636ed completed March 30, 2026, 2:06 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cc49f7c2c081909ec93413ceefbb1c completed March 31, 2026, 10:25 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69cef3a98ee881908d546e9a55217792 completed April 2, 2026, 10:54 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69cef8454ebc81909da0b73395f519cc completed April 2, 2026, 11:14 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69cef8d198dc819087199a155d081121 completed April 2, 2026, 11:16 p.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 6:32 p.m.