Triple

T8578390

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	John Gardner (philosopher)	`E203105`	entity
Predicate	notableWork	`P4`	FINISHED
Object	Law as a Leap of Faith Law as a Leap of Faith is a collection of essays by legal philosopher John Gardner that explores the nature of law, legal obligation, and their relationship to morality.	`E744193`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: Law as a Leap of Faith | Statement: [John Gardner (philosopher), notableWork, Law as a Leap of Faith]

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Law as a Leap of Faith
Context triple: [John Gardner (philosopher), notableWork, Law as a Leap of Faith]

A. The Essentials from the Science of Legal Theory
The Essentials from the Science of Legal Theory is an English rendering of al-Ghazali’s seminal work in Islamic legal theory, presenting the foundational principles and methods of deriving Islamic law.
B. Law in the Service of Human Needs
Law in the Service of Human Needs is the guiding motto of CUNY School of Law, emphasizing a mission of using legal education and practice to advance social justice and serve marginalized communities.
C. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Law
An Introduction to the Philosophy of Law is a foundational legal-philosophical text by Roscoe Pound that systematically explores the nature, purposes, and methods of law within society.
D. The Paradoxes of Legal Science
The Paradoxes of Legal Science is a 1928 jurisprudential treatise by U.S. Supreme Court Justice Benjamin N. Cardozo that explores the philosophical tensions and logical contradictions within legal reasoning and doctrine.
E. Ideals, Beliefs, Attitudes, and the Law
Ideals, Beliefs, Attitudes, and the Law is a seminal work of legal scholarship by Guido Calabresi that explores how moral values and social attitudes shape and are shaped by legal rules and institutions.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1

Instruction

Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"

Input

Entity: Law as a Leap of Faith
Triple: [John Gardner (philosopher), notableWork, Law as a Leap of Faith]

Generated description

Law as a Leap of Faith is a collection of essays by legal philosopher John Gardner that explores the nature of law, legal obligation, and their relationship to morality.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Law as a Leap of Faith
Target entity description: Law as a Leap of Faith is a collection of essays by legal philosopher John Gardner that explores the nature of law, legal obligation, and their relationship to morality.

A. The Essentials from the Science of Legal Theory
The Essentials from the Science of Legal Theory is an English rendering of al-Ghazali’s seminal work in Islamic legal theory, presenting the foundational principles and methods of deriving Islamic law.
B. Law in the Service of Human Needs
Law in the Service of Human Needs is the guiding motto of CUNY School of Law, emphasizing a mission of using legal education and practice to advance social justice and serve marginalized communities.
C. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Law
An Introduction to the Philosophy of Law is a foundational legal-philosophical text by Roscoe Pound that systematically explores the nature, purposes, and methods of law within society.
D. The Paradoxes of Legal Science
The Paradoxes of Legal Science is a 1928 jurisprudential treatise by U.S. Supreme Court Justice Benjamin N. Cardozo that explores the philosophical tensions and logical contradictions within legal reasoning and doctrine.
E. Ideals, Beliefs, Attitudes, and the Law
Ideals, Beliefs, Attitudes, and the Law is a seminal work of legal scholarship by Guido Calabresi that explores how moral values and social attitudes shape and are shaped by legal rules and institutions.
F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69ca8328ebe481909a8c038fa79959b4`	completed	March 30, 2026, 2:05 p.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69cbea989bec81909b8c8b4af7c568ff`	completed	March 31, 2026, 3:39 p.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_69ce89a5d18c81908a21cf5e5944d6e1`	completed	April 2, 2026, 3:22 p.m.
NEDg	Description generation	`batch_69ce8ac1dba48190bbad47a762130aab`	completed	April 2, 2026, 3:26 p.m.
NED2	Entity disambiguation (via description)	`batch_69ce8eae70008190b2c7bbe4ce8d4c0a`	completed	April 2, 2026, 3:43 p.m.

Created at: March 30, 2026, 6:22 p.m.