Triple
T8543027
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | EPA Tier 4 |
E202242
|
entity |
| Predicate | precedes |
P97
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
EPA Tier 5 (proposed or conceptual) emission standards
EPA Tier 5 (proposed or conceptual) emission standards are anticipated future U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations that would further tighten allowable pollutant emissions from non-road and other engines beyond the limits set by Tier 4.
|
E740679
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: EPA Tier 5 (proposed or conceptual) emission standards | Statement: [EPA Tier 4, precedes, EPA Tier 5 (proposed or conceptual) emission standards]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: EPA Tier 5 (proposed or conceptual) emission standards Context triple: [EPA Tier 4, precedes, EPA Tier 5 (proposed or conceptual) emission standards]
-
A.
EPA Tier 4
EPA Tier 4 is a stringent U.S. Environmental Protection Agency emissions standard for non-road and locomotive diesel engines that sharply limits pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and particulate matter.
-
B.
Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Areas
Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Areas are designated maritime zones where stricter limits on ship engine NOx emissions apply to reduce air pollution and protect human health and the environment.
-
C.
Sulfur Emission Control Areas
Sulfur Emission Control Areas are designated maritime zones where ships must use significantly cleaner fuels or emission-reduction technologies to limit air pollution from sulfur oxides.
-
D.
New Source Performance Standards
New Source Performance Standards are U.S. federal air pollution regulations that set emission limits and control requirements for newly built or significantly modified industrial sources.
-
E.
Title II – Emission Standards for Moving Sources
Title II – Emission Standards for Moving Sources is the portion of the U.S. Clean Air Act that regulates air pollution emissions from mobile sources such as cars, trucks, buses, and other vehicles and engines.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: EPA Tier 5 (proposed or conceptual) emission standards Triple: [EPA Tier 4, precedes, EPA Tier 5 (proposed or conceptual) emission standards]
Generated description
EPA Tier 5 (proposed or conceptual) emission standards are anticipated future U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations that would further tighten allowable pollutant emissions from non-road and other engines beyond the limits set by Tier 4.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: EPA Tier 5 (proposed or conceptual) emission standards Target entity description: EPA Tier 5 (proposed or conceptual) emission standards are anticipated future U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations that would further tighten allowable pollutant emissions from non-road and other engines beyond the limits set by Tier 4.
-
A.
EPA Tier 4
EPA Tier 4 is a stringent U.S. Environmental Protection Agency emissions standard for non-road and locomotive diesel engines that sharply limits pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and particulate matter.
-
B.
Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Areas
Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Areas are designated maritime zones where stricter limits on ship engine NOx emissions apply to reduce air pollution and protect human health and the environment.
-
C.
Sulfur Emission Control Areas
Sulfur Emission Control Areas are designated maritime zones where ships must use significantly cleaner fuels or emission-reduction technologies to limit air pollution from sulfur oxides.
-
D.
New Source Performance Standards
New Source Performance Standards are U.S. federal air pollution regulations that set emission limits and control requirements for newly built or significantly modified industrial sources.
-
E.
Title II – Emission Standards for Moving Sources
Title II – Emission Standards for Moving Sources is the portion of the U.S. Clean Air Act that regulates air pollution emissions from mobile sources such as cars, trucks, buses, and other vehicles and engines.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ca832461e88190a654c5e44e233aa8 |
completed | March 30, 2026, 2:05 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69cbe6e381d4819084e230389a3ecb77 |
completed | March 31, 2026, 3:23 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ce6dabf9908190bb61ad4ddb953902 |
completed | April 2, 2026, 1:22 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ce6f02fabc819093b95e0d318c5649 |
completed | April 2, 2026, 1:28 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ce6f9b12148190be55b3f5f2b518d9 |
completed | April 2, 2026, 1:31 p.m. |
Created at: March 30, 2026, 6:18 p.m.