Triple

T8523605
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Karl Sigmund E201756 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object The Calculus of Selfishness
The Calculus of Selfishness is a book by Karl Sigmund that uses mathematical and game-theoretic models to analyze how individual self-interest shapes cooperation, conflict, and social behavior.
E738053 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: The Calculus of Selfishness | Statement: [Karl Sigmund, notableWork, The Calculus of Selfishness]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Calculus of Selfishness
Context triple: [Karl Sigmund, notableWork, The Calculus of Selfishness]
  • A. The Genetical Evolution of Social Behaviour
    The Genetical Evolution of Social Behaviour is William D. Hamilton’s landmark 1964 paper that founded modern kin selection theory and transformed the study of social evolution in biology.
  • B. The Complexity of Cooperation
    The Complexity of Cooperation is a scholarly work by Avi Wigderson that explores how ideas from computational complexity theory illuminate strategic behavior, game theory, and cooperative problem-solving.
  • C. Evolution and the Theory of Games
    Evolution and the Theory of Games is a seminal 1982 book by John Maynard Smith that applies game theory to evolutionary biology, introducing concepts such as evolutionarily stable strategies to explain animal behavior and the evolution of cooperation and conflict.
  • D. The Economics of Altruism
    The Economics of Altruism is a scholarly work by economist Stefano Zamagni that analyzes how altruistic behavior and ethical considerations can be incorporated into economic theory and practice.
  • E. The Selfish Gene
    The Selfish Gene is a landmark 1976 book by Richard Dawkins that popularized a gene-centered view of evolution and introduced concepts like memes to a broad audience.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: The Calculus of Selfishness
Triple: [Karl Sigmund, notableWork, The Calculus of Selfishness]
Generated description
The Calculus of Selfishness is a book by Karl Sigmund that uses mathematical and game-theoretic models to analyze how individual self-interest shapes cooperation, conflict, and social behavior.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Calculus of Selfishness
Target entity description: The Calculus of Selfishness is a book by Karl Sigmund that uses mathematical and game-theoretic models to analyze how individual self-interest shapes cooperation, conflict, and social behavior.
  • A. The Genetical Evolution of Social Behaviour
    The Genetical Evolution of Social Behaviour is William D. Hamilton’s landmark 1964 paper that founded modern kin selection theory and transformed the study of social evolution in biology.
  • B. The Complexity of Cooperation
    The Complexity of Cooperation is a scholarly work by Avi Wigderson that explores how ideas from computational complexity theory illuminate strategic behavior, game theory, and cooperative problem-solving.
  • C. Evolution and the Theory of Games
    Evolution and the Theory of Games is a seminal 1982 book by John Maynard Smith that applies game theory to evolutionary biology, introducing concepts such as evolutionarily stable strategies to explain animal behavior and the evolution of cooperation and conflict.
  • D. The Economics of Altruism
    The Economics of Altruism is a scholarly work by economist Stefano Zamagni that analyzes how altruistic behavior and ethical considerations can be incorporated into economic theory and practice.
  • E. The Selfish Gene
    The Selfish Gene is a landmark 1976 book by Richard Dawkins that popularized a gene-centered view of evolution and introduced concepts like memes to a broad audience.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca8321bb44819081b74df0b710276d completed March 30, 2026, 2:05 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cbe64362c88190b978a2544eec6e3e completed March 31, 2026, 3:20 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ce4e8399f481909992aedf0d918cbc completed April 2, 2026, 11:09 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ce4ffcf7488190b94cae18be14e8ff completed April 2, 2026, 11:16 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ce507766448190830dd3efc8a79a74 completed April 2, 2026, 11:18 a.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 6:16 p.m.