Triple
T8472321
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | iDEN |
E200308
|
entity |
| Predicate | usesModulation |
P23647
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
π/4 DQPSK
π/4 DQPSK is a digital phase modulation scheme that encodes data by shifting the carrier phase in quarter-pi increments to improve spectral efficiency and reduce signal distortion in wireless communication systems.
|
E736616
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: π/4 DQPSK | Statement: [iDEN, usesModulation, π/4 DQPSK]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: π/4 DQPSK Context triple: [iDEN, usesModulation, π/4 DQPSK]
-
A.
PSK
PSK is the abbreviation for the Polish Women's Auxiliary Service, a World War II-era organization of Polish women who supported military operations through various non-combat roles.
-
B.
PSK
PSK is the commonly used abbreviation for the Scottish Parliament constituency of Perthshire South and Kinross-shire.
-
C.
OFDM
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) is a digital multi-carrier modulation technique that splits data across many closely spaced orthogonal subcarriers to improve robustness against interference and multipath fading in wireless and wired communication systems.
-
D.
SC-FDMA
SC-FDMA (Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) is a multi-carrier transmission scheme used primarily in LTE uplink that combines single-carrier characteristics with frequency-domain equalization to achieve lower peak-to-average power ratio than OFDM.
-
E.
DVB-S2
DVB-S2 is an advanced digital satellite television broadcasting standard widely used in Europe and beyond for efficient, high-quality transmission of TV and data services.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: π/4 DQPSK Triple: [iDEN, usesModulation, π/4 DQPSK]
Generated description
π/4 DQPSK is a digital phase modulation scheme that encodes data by shifting the carrier phase in quarter-pi increments to improve spectral efficiency and reduce signal distortion in wireless communication systems.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: π/4 DQPSK Target entity description: π/4 DQPSK is a digital phase modulation scheme that encodes data by shifting the carrier phase in quarter-pi increments to improve spectral efficiency and reduce signal distortion in wireless communication systems.
-
A.
PSK
PSK is the abbreviation for the Polish Women's Auxiliary Service, a World War II-era organization of Polish women who supported military operations through various non-combat roles.
-
B.
PSK
PSK is the commonly used abbreviation for the Scottish Parliament constituency of Perthshire South and Kinross-shire.
-
C.
OFDM
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) is a digital multi-carrier modulation technique that splits data across many closely spaced orthogonal subcarriers to improve robustness against interference and multipath fading in wireless and wired communication systems.
-
D.
SC-FDMA
SC-FDMA (Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) is a multi-carrier transmission scheme used primarily in LTE uplink that combines single-carrier characteristics with frequency-domain equalization to achieve lower peak-to-average power ratio than OFDM.
-
E.
DVB-S2
DVB-S2 is an advanced digital satellite television broadcasting standard widely used in Europe and beyond for efficient, high-quality transmission of TV and data services.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ca831a4f348190bfdd09250e86ae35 |
completed | March 30, 2026, 2:05 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69cbe4f4fbf481909e4fd7c078b27477 |
completed | March 31, 2026, 3:15 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ce39fc9bf481908e37919b13465d18 |
completed | April 2, 2026, 9:42 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ce3b1e188c8190ad894478141f6501 |
completed | April 2, 2026, 9:47 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ce3bfd00948190b3956be3f8c5d547 |
completed | April 2, 2026, 9:50 a.m. |
Created at: March 30, 2026, 6:11 p.m.