Triple

T7932419
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Bigtable E184216 entity
Predicate paperAuthorsInclude P63068 FINISHED
Object Fay Chang
Fay Chang is a computer scientist known for co-authoring the influential Google Bigtable paper on large-scale distributed storage systems.
E705937 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (5 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Fay Chang | Statement: [Bigtable, paperAuthorsInclude, Fay Chang]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fay Chang
Context triple: [Bigtable, paperAuthorsInclude, Fay Chang]
  • A. Rosalie Chiang
    Rosalie Chiang is an American actress best known for voicing the main character, Meilin "Mei" Lee, in Pixar's animated film "Turning Red."
  • B. Margaret Chung
    Margaret Chung was a pioneering Chinese American physician and surgeon, widely regarded as the first Chinese American woman doctor in the United States and known for her influential role in supporting U.S. military personnel during World War II.
  • C. Rachel Fong
    Rachel Fong is a researcher in machine learning and reinforcement learning, known for her work on the Hindsight Experience Replay technique.
  • D. Fang-Howard Chang
    Fang-Howard Chang is an engineer and innovator recognized with the prestigious Edison Medal for his significant contributions to electrical science and technology.
  • E. Linda Cho
    Linda Cho is a Tony Award–winning costume designer known for her work on major Broadway productions and other theatrical performances.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Fay Chang
Triple: [Bigtable, paperAuthorsInclude, Fay Chang]
Generated description
Fay Chang is a computer scientist known for co-authoring the influential Google Bigtable paper on large-scale distributed storage systems.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fay Chang
Target entity description: Fay Chang is a computer scientist known for co-authoring the influential Google Bigtable paper on large-scale distributed storage systems.
  • A. Rosalie Chiang
    Rosalie Chiang is an American actress best known for voicing the main character, Meilin "Mei" Lee, in Pixar's animated film "Turning Red."
  • B. Margaret Chung
    Margaret Chung was a pioneering Chinese American physician and surgeon, widely regarded as the first Chinese American woman doctor in the United States and known for her influential role in supporting U.S. military personnel during World War II.
  • C. Rachel Fong
    Rachel Fong is a researcher in machine learning and reinforcement learning, known for her work on the Hindsight Experience Replay technique.
  • D. Fang-Howard Chang
    Fang-Howard Chang is an engineer and innovator recognized with the prestigious Edison Medal for his significant contributions to electrical science and technology.
  • E. Linda Cho
    Linda Cho is a Tony Award–winning costume designer known for her work on major Broadway productions and other theatrical performances.
  • F. None of above. chosen
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: paperAuthorsInclude
Context triple: [Bigtable, paperAuthorsInclude, Fay Chang]
  • A. publishedMovementAuthors
    Indicates that an entity (such as a publisher or publication) has published works authored by the specified movement authors.
  • B. authors chosen
    Indicates that one entity is the creator or writer of another entity, such as a document, work, or piece of content.
  • C. numberOfPapers
    Indicates the quantity of papers associated with a given entity.
  • D. partOfAuthorBibliography
    Indicates that a work is included in the set of publications that make up an author's bibliography.
  • E. publisherOfWorkAppearingIn
    Indicates that an entity is the publisher responsible for issuing a work in which another specified work appears (e.g., as part of a collection, volume, or compilation).
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (6 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69ca8290c21c8190906a5ca6fe2b03c4 completed March 30, 2026, 2:02 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69cb3ace87f081908635769942645e78 completed March 31, 2026, 3:09 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69cc564a4fac8190972f9dfa7c026ea8 completed March 31, 2026, 11:18 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69cc5822581481908a143376bee599ec completed March 31, 2026, 11:26 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69cc58f549388190ba6c8b41c0820cd6 completed March 31, 2026, 11:29 p.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69cae9335f288190ba96781fd6576a2b completed March 30, 2026, 9:20 p.m.
Created at: March 30, 2026, 5:08 p.m.