Triple

T7685045
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Lev Pontryagin E174094 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Pontryagin duality
Pontryagin duality is a fundamental theorem in harmonic analysis and topological group theory that establishes a duality between locally compact abelian groups and their groups of continuous characters.
E681628 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Pontryagin duality | Statement: [Lev Pontryagin, notableWork, Pontryagin duality]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pontryagin duality
Context triple: [Lev Pontryagin, notableWork, Pontryagin duality]
  • A. Poincaré duality
    Poincaré duality is a fundamental theorem in algebraic topology that relates the homology and cohomology groups of an oriented closed manifold in complementary dimensions.
  • B. Gelfand transform
    The Gelfand transform is a fundamental construction in functional analysis that represents elements of a commutative Banach algebra as continuous functions on its space of maximal ideals, linking algebraic structure with topological and spectral properties.
  • C. Alexander duality
    Alexander duality is a theorem in algebraic topology that relates the homology (or cohomology) of a subspace of a sphere to the reduced cohomology of its complement.
  • D. Introduction to Abstract Harmonic Analysis
    Introduction to Abstract Harmonic Analysis is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically develops the theory of harmonic analysis on topological groups and related abstract structures.
  • E. Peter–Weyl theorem
    The Peter–Weyl theorem is a fundamental result in representation theory and harmonic analysis that decomposes square-integrable functions on a compact topological group into a direct sum of finite-dimensional irreducible unitary representations.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Pontryagin duality
Triple: [Lev Pontryagin, notableWork, Pontryagin duality]
Generated description
Pontryagin duality is a fundamental theorem in harmonic analysis and topological group theory that establishes a duality between locally compact abelian groups and their groups of continuous characters.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pontryagin duality
Target entity description: Pontryagin duality is a fundamental theorem in harmonic analysis and topological group theory that establishes a duality between locally compact abelian groups and their groups of continuous characters.
  • A. Poincaré duality
    Poincaré duality is a fundamental theorem in algebraic topology that relates the homology and cohomology groups of an oriented closed manifold in complementary dimensions.
  • B. Gelfand transform
    The Gelfand transform is a fundamental construction in functional analysis that represents elements of a commutative Banach algebra as continuous functions on its space of maximal ideals, linking algebraic structure with topological and spectral properties.
  • C. Alexander duality
    Alexander duality is a theorem in algebraic topology that relates the homology (or cohomology) of a subspace of a sphere to the reduced cohomology of its complement.
  • D. Introduction to Abstract Harmonic Analysis
    Introduction to Abstract Harmonic Analysis is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically develops the theory of harmonic analysis on topological groups and related abstract structures.
  • E. Peter–Weyl theorem
    The Peter–Weyl theorem is a fundamental result in representation theory and harmonic analysis that decomposes square-integrable functions on a compact topological group into a direct sum of finite-dimensional irreducible unitary representations.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c6995840408190a19de6c51090f46f completed March 27, 2026, 2:51 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c7022118908190a3a93cfda79be0a4 completed March 27, 2026, 10:18 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c8a25c2a308190908ffdd2f0b7262f completed March 29, 2026, 3:54 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c8a37c995881908c71791c6cc002f3 completed March 29, 2026, 3:58 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c8a3fe63a4819086bcb5f80cdbd30b completed March 29, 2026, 4:01 a.m.
Created at: March 27, 2026, 4:02 p.m.