Triple
T7666079
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | NP-completeness |
E173625
|
entity |
| Predicate | centralReference |
P16051
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability
"Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability" is a foundational textbook in theoretical computer science that systematically develops the theory of NP-completeness and computational complexity.
|
E679895
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (5 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability | Statement: [NP-completeness, centralReference, Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability Context triple: [NP-completeness, centralReference, Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability]
-
A.
"Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems" (1972)
"Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems" (1972) is a landmark paper by Richard Karp that introduced NP-completeness to a broad audience by showing polynomial-time reductions among 21 classic combinatorial decision problems.
-
B.
P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
"P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory" is a foundational textbook by Oded Goldreich that introduces the core concepts, problems, and techniques of computational complexity theory, with a focus on the classes P, NP, and NP-complete problems.
-
C.
“Inapproximability results for SAT and other problems”
“Inapproximability results for SAT and other problems” is a seminal theoretical computer science paper by Johan Håstad that establishes tight hardness-of-approximation bounds for satisfiability and related optimization problems using probabilistically checkable proofs.
-
D.
Cook–Levin theorem
The Cook–Levin theorem is a foundational result in computational complexity theory that established the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) as the first NP-complete problem, launching the theory of NP-completeness.
-
E.
NP-completeness
NP-completeness is a central concept in computational complexity theory that classifies decision problems believed to be among the hardest in NP, such that a polynomial-time solution to any one of them would yield polynomial-time solutions to all problems in NP.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability Triple: [NP-completeness, centralReference, Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability]
Generated description
"Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability" is a foundational textbook in theoretical computer science that systematically develops the theory of NP-completeness and computational complexity.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability Target entity description: "Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability" is a foundational textbook in theoretical computer science that systematically develops the theory of NP-completeness and computational complexity.
-
A.
"Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems" (1972)
"Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems" (1972) is a landmark paper by Richard Karp that introduced NP-completeness to a broad audience by showing polynomial-time reductions among 21 classic combinatorial decision problems.
-
B.
P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
"P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory" is a foundational textbook by Oded Goldreich that introduces the core concepts, problems, and techniques of computational complexity theory, with a focus on the classes P, NP, and NP-complete problems.
-
C.
“Inapproximability results for SAT and other problems”
“Inapproximability results for SAT and other problems” is a seminal theoretical computer science paper by Johan Håstad that establishes tight hardness-of-approximation bounds for satisfiability and related optimization problems using probabilistically checkable proofs.
-
D.
Cook–Levin theorem
The Cook–Levin theorem is a foundational result in computational complexity theory that established the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) as the first NP-complete problem, launching the theory of NP-completeness.
-
E.
NP-completeness
NP-completeness is a central concept in computational complexity theory that classifies decision problems believed to be among the hardest in NP, such that a polynomial-time solution to any one of them would yield polynomial-time solutions to all problems in NP.
- F. None of above. chosen
PD
Predicate disambiguation
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: centralReference Context triple: [NP-completeness, centralReference, Garey and Johnson: Computers and Intractability]
-
A.
primaryReference
chosen
Indicates that one entity serves as the main or authoritative source of information or citation for another entity.
-
B.
centralIn
Indicates that one entity occupies a central or most important position within another entity, context, or structure.
-
C.
centralBranch
Indicates that one entity functions as the main or primary branch within a larger organizational or structural system relative to another entity.
-
D.
primaryReferent
Indicates that one entity is the main or most salient referent associated with another entity among potentially multiple candidates.
-
E.
centralLocation
Indicates that one entity serves as the primary or central place associated with another entity.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (6 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69c699562484819086752091e3164a27 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 2:51 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69c7063dab1881909598b04999b8b690 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 10:35 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c89b1fdccc8190a69b4745dc3b2347 |
completed | March 29, 2026, 3:23 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69c89d513af88190b453bf3bf1adcbfb |
completed | March 29, 2026, 3:32 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69c89ddd81a88190924d41529e94b06b |
completed | March 29, 2026, 3:34 a.m. |
| PD | Predicate disambiguation | batch_69c7015f7430819099d3ea2781b7cee2 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 10:14 p.m. |
Created at: March 27, 2026, 4 p.m.