Triple
T7648442
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Rudolf Ackermann |
E173184
|
entity |
| Predicate | founded |
P104
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
R. Ackermann (publishing and print-selling business)
R. Ackermann was a prominent early 19th-century London publishing and print-selling firm known for its high-quality illustrated books, prints, and periodicals, especially on art, fashion, and travel.
|
E679335
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: R. Ackermann (publishing and print-selling business) | Statement: [Rudolf Ackermann, founded, R. Ackermann (publishing and print-selling business)]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: R. Ackermann (publishing and print-selling business) Context triple: [Rudolf Ackermann, founded, R. Ackermann (publishing and print-selling business)]
-
A.
Karl Bücher
Karl Bücher was a German economist and statistician known as a leading figure of the German historical school and a pioneer in the study of economic history and the economics of the press.
-
B.
Carl Bertelsmann
Carl Bertelsmann was a 19th-century German publisher and entrepreneur best known as the founder of the media company that evolved into today’s global conglomerate Bertelsmann.
-
C.
Julius Springer
Julius Springer was a prominent German publisher and founder of the Springer-Verlag publishing house, known for influential works in science and academia.
-
D.
Georg Kahn-Ackermann
Georg Kahn-Ackermann was a German diplomat and politician who served as Secretary General of the Council of Europe in the mid-20th century.
-
E.
Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn
Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn was a prominent German publishing house known for issuing significant scientific and mathematical works in the 18th and 19th centuries.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: R. Ackermann (publishing and print-selling business) Triple: [Rudolf Ackermann, founded, R. Ackermann (publishing and print-selling business)]
Generated description
R. Ackermann was a prominent early 19th-century London publishing and print-selling firm known for its high-quality illustrated books, prints, and periodicals, especially on art, fashion, and travel.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: R. Ackermann (publishing and print-selling business) Target entity description: R. Ackermann was a prominent early 19th-century London publishing and print-selling firm known for its high-quality illustrated books, prints, and periodicals, especially on art, fashion, and travel.
-
A.
Karl Bücher
Karl Bücher was a German economist and statistician known as a leading figure of the German historical school and a pioneer in the study of economic history and the economics of the press.
-
B.
Carl Bertelsmann
Carl Bertelsmann was a 19th-century German publisher and entrepreneur best known as the founder of the media company that evolved into today’s global conglomerate Bertelsmann.
-
C.
Julius Springer
Julius Springer was a prominent German publisher and founder of the Springer-Verlag publishing house, known for influential works in science and academia.
-
D.
Georg Kahn-Ackermann
Georg Kahn-Ackermann was a German diplomat and politician who served as Secretary General of the Council of Europe in the mid-20th century.
-
E.
Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn
Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn was a prominent German publishing house known for issuing significant scientific and mathematical works in the 18th and 19th centuries.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69c6995473348190a4f41d110d619a18 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 2:51 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69c6fb134a40819097f9de5f24d1df0f |
completed | March 27, 2026, 9:48 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c89ada2a54819098672d45ab56f784 |
completed | March 29, 2026, 3:22 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69c89b7c27988190b78be7f249bda554 |
completed | March 29, 2026, 3:24 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69c89c56d9688190bd14badc319f9c44 |
completed | March 29, 2026, 3:28 a.m. |
Created at: March 27, 2026, 3:58 p.m.