Triple

T7648328
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Heinz Hopf E173181 entity
Predicate notableStudent P4838 FINISHED
Object Georges de Rham
Georges de Rham was a Swiss mathematician best known for developing de Rham cohomology, a fundamental tool in algebraic topology linking differential forms with topological invariants.
E680605 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Georges de Rham | Statement: [Heinz Hopf, notableStudent, Georges de Rham]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Georges de Rham
Context triple: [Heinz Hopf, notableStudent, Georges de Rham]
  • A. Charles Ehresmann
    Charles Ehresmann was a French mathematician known for his foundational work in differential topology and category theory, including the development of concepts such as fiber bundles and Lie groupoids.
  • B. Jean-Louis Koszul
    Jean-Louis Koszul was a French mathematician renowned for his foundational contributions to differential geometry and homological algebra, including the development of Koszul complexes and Koszul duality.
  • C. Jean Cartan
    Jean Cartan was a French composer of the early 20th century known for his chamber and piano works before his career was cut short by his early death.
  • D. Jean Leray
    Jean Leray was a French mathematician renowned for his foundational work in algebraic topology and partial differential equations.
  • E. Solomon Lefschetz
    Solomon Lefschetz was a prominent 20th-century mathematician best known for his foundational work in algebraic topology and geometry, including the development of Lefschetz fixed-point theory.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Georges de Rham
Triple: [Heinz Hopf, notableStudent, Georges de Rham]
Generated description
Georges de Rham was a Swiss mathematician best known for developing de Rham cohomology, a fundamental tool in algebraic topology linking differential forms with topological invariants.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Georges de Rham
Target entity description: Georges de Rham was a Swiss mathematician best known for developing de Rham cohomology, a fundamental tool in algebraic topology linking differential forms with topological invariants.
  • A. Charles Ehresmann
    Charles Ehresmann was a French mathematician known for his foundational work in differential topology and category theory, including the development of concepts such as fiber bundles and Lie groupoids.
  • B. Jean-Louis Koszul
    Jean-Louis Koszul was a French mathematician renowned for his foundational contributions to differential geometry and homological algebra, including the development of Koszul complexes and Koszul duality.
  • C. Jean Cartan
    Jean Cartan was a French composer of the early 20th century known for his chamber and piano works before his career was cut short by his early death.
  • D. Jean Leray
    Jean Leray was a French mathematician renowned for his foundational work in algebraic topology and partial differential equations.
  • E. Solomon Lefschetz
    Solomon Lefschetz was a prominent 20th-century mathematician best known for his foundational work in algebraic topology and geometry, including the development of Lefschetz fixed-point theory.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c6995473348190a4f41d110d619a18 completed March 27, 2026, 2:51 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c6fb134a40819097f9de5f24d1df0f completed March 27, 2026, 9:48 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c8a21878508190822ff6f4681bc63d completed March 29, 2026, 3:52 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c8a2bc757c81909416e06cc53150ca completed March 29, 2026, 3:55 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c8a35d59d48190b486b4405d428469 completed March 29, 2026, 3:58 a.m.
Created at: March 27, 2026, 3:58 p.m.