Triple

T7518579
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Abraham Silberschatz E177707 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Operating System Concepts
Operating System Concepts is a widely used foundational textbook in computer science that provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles, design, and implementation of modern operating systems.
E670419 NE FINISHED

Named-entity recognition

Before disambiguation, gpt-5-mini classified whether the object phrase is a named entity — the step behind the object's NE type shown above.

Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Operating System Concepts | Statement: [Abraham Silberschatz, knownFor, Operating System Concepts]

Disambiguation candidates (2 decisions)

The exact options the model was shown at each disambiguation step, with the option it chose highlighted — the evidence behind this triple's disambiguated ids.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Operating System Concepts
Context triple: [Abraham Silberschatz, knownFor, Operating System Concepts]
  • A. Operating Systems: Design and Implementation
    Operating Systems: Design and Implementation is a foundational textbook by Andrew S. Tanenbaum that presents the principles of operating system design alongside a detailed case study of the MINIX operating system.
  • B. Modern Operating Systems
    Modern Operating Systems is a widely used computer science textbook by Andrew S. Tanenbaum (often with Herbert Bos) that provides a comprehensive introduction to the design and implementation of contemporary operating systems.
  • C. Structured Computer Organization
    Structured Computer Organization is a widely used textbook that introduces the principles of computer architecture and organization in a clear, layered, and accessible manner.
  • D. The Unix Programming Environment
    The Unix Programming Environment is a classic 1984 book by Brian W. Kernighan and Rob Pike that introduces the philosophy, tools, and practices of software development on Unix systems.
  • E. The Universal Operating System
    The Universal Operating System is the official motto of the Debian project, emphasizing its goal of providing a versatile, freely available operating system that runs on a wide range of hardware and use cases.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Operating System Concepts
Target entity description: Operating System Concepts is a widely used foundational textbook in computer science that provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles, design, and implementation of modern operating systems.
  • A. Operating Systems: Design and Implementation
    Operating Systems: Design and Implementation is a foundational textbook by Andrew S. Tanenbaum that presents the principles of operating system design alongside a detailed case study of the MINIX operating system.
  • B. Modern Operating Systems
    Modern Operating Systems is a widely used computer science textbook by Andrew S. Tanenbaum (often with Herbert Bos) that provides a comprehensive introduction to the design and implementation of contemporary operating systems.
  • C. Structured Computer Organization
    Structured Computer Organization is a widely used textbook that introduces the principles of computer architecture and organization in a clear, layered, and accessible manner.
  • D. The Unix Programming Environment
    The Unix Programming Environment is a classic 1984 book by Brian W. Kernighan and Rob Pike that introduces the philosophy, tools, and practices of software development on Unix systems.
  • E. The Universal Operating System
    The Universal Operating System is the official motto of the Debian project, emphasizing its goal of providing a versatile, freely available operating system that runs on a wide range of hardware and use cases.
  • F. None of above. chosen

How the object was described

The object's one-sentence description was generated by prompting gpt-5.1 with the object name and this triple as context.

Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Operating System Concepts
Triple: [Abraham Silberschatz, knownFor, Operating System Concepts]
Generated description
Operating System Concepts is a widely used foundational textbook in computer science that provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles, design, and implementation of modern operating systems.

Provenance (5 batches)

Stage Batch ID Job type Status
creating batch_69c69f2891148190a484f3b8222c6f1b elicitation completed
NER batch_69c6f5f850c081909e697219071293fc ner completed
NED1 batch_69c8462610b481909fa74023852b0154 ned_source_triple completed
NED2 batch_69c848026e90819098d0b419101f91e1 ned_description completed
NEDg batch_69c8471da6c481909b48db7ad6e9426d nedg completed
Created at: March 27, 2026, 3:46 p.m.