Triple

T7457716
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject John Hasbrouck Van Vleck E172167 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Quantum Principles and Line Spectra
"Quantum Principles and Line Spectra" is a foundational early 20th-century work in quantum theory by John Hasbrouck Van Vleck that analyzes atomic line spectra using emerging quantum principles.
E665840 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Quantum Principles and Line Spectra | Statement: [John Hasbrouck Van Vleck, notableWork, Quantum Principles and Line Spectra]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Quantum Principles and Line Spectra
Context triple: [John Hasbrouck Van Vleck, notableWork, Quantum Principles and Line Spectra]
  • A. Atombau und Spektrallinien
    *Atombau und Spektrallinien* is Arnold Sommerfeld’s influential textbook on atomic structure and spectral lines that helped shape the development of early quantum theory.
  • B. Rydberg–Ritz combination principle
    The Rydberg–Ritz combination principle is a rule in atomic spectroscopy stating that the frequencies (or wavenumbers) of spectral lines can be expressed as differences between terms in a series, enabling systematic prediction and classification of atomic spectra.
  • C. Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy
    Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy are foundational principles in physics that explain how continuous, emission, and absorption spectra arise from interactions between matter and radiation.
  • D. Rydberg formula
    The Rydberg formula is an equation in atomic physics that predicts the wavelengths of spectral lines of hydrogen and hydrogen-like atoms using the Rydberg constant.
  • E. Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum
    The Lyman series in the hydrogen spectrum is a set of ultraviolet emission or absorption lines produced when electrons in hydrogen atoms transition from higher energy levels down to the ground state (n=1).
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Quantum Principles and Line Spectra
Triple: [John Hasbrouck Van Vleck, notableWork, Quantum Principles and Line Spectra]
Generated description
"Quantum Principles and Line Spectra" is a foundational early 20th-century work in quantum theory by John Hasbrouck Van Vleck that analyzes atomic line spectra using emerging quantum principles.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Quantum Principles and Line Spectra
Target entity description: "Quantum Principles and Line Spectra" is a foundational early 20th-century work in quantum theory by John Hasbrouck Van Vleck that analyzes atomic line spectra using emerging quantum principles.
  • A. Atombau und Spektrallinien
    *Atombau und Spektrallinien* is Arnold Sommerfeld’s influential textbook on atomic structure and spectral lines that helped shape the development of early quantum theory.
  • B. Rydberg–Ritz combination principle
    The Rydberg–Ritz combination principle is a rule in atomic spectroscopy stating that the frequencies (or wavenumbers) of spectral lines can be expressed as differences between terms in a series, enabling systematic prediction and classification of atomic spectra.
  • C. Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy
    Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy are foundational principles in physics that explain how continuous, emission, and absorption spectra arise from interactions between matter and radiation.
  • D. Rydberg formula
    The Rydberg formula is an equation in atomic physics that predicts the wavelengths of spectral lines of hydrogen and hydrogen-like atoms using the Rydberg constant.
  • E. Lyman series in hydrogen spectrum
    The Lyman series in the hydrogen spectrum is a set of ultraviolet emission or absorption lines produced when electrons in hydrogen atoms transition from higher energy levels down to the ground state (n=1).
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c68a66554c8190add75c65942c0317 completed March 27, 2026, 1:47 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c6f3b1f18881908140a6191d5478b5 completed March 27, 2026, 9:16 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c827c73ce081909e31e272c8a752b6 completed March 28, 2026, 7:11 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c82bd3fe8c819098afb0d51e69383b completed March 28, 2026, 7:28 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c82c2437d08190a1b4cf44cd51df03 completed March 28, 2026, 7:29 p.m.
Created at: March 27, 2026, 3:15 p.m.