Triple

T7292722
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Alan S. Willsky E164436 entity
Predicate coAuthorOf P2389 FINISHED
Object "Signals and Systems"
"Signals and Systems" is a widely used engineering textbook that introduces the fundamental theory and applications of continuous-time and discrete-time signal processing and system analysis.
E656015 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: "Signals and Systems" | Statement: [Alan S. Willsky, coAuthorOf, "Signals and Systems"]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: "Signals and Systems"
Context triple: [Alan S. Willsky, coAuthorOf, "Signals and Systems"]
  • A. Principles of Communication Engineering
    Principles of Communication Engineering is a foundational textbook in communication theory that rigorously develops the mathematical and conceptual basis of modern digital and analog communication systems.
  • B. Theory and Application of the z-Transform Method
    "Theory and Application of the z-Transform Method" is a foundational technical book by Eliahu I. Jury that systematically develops the z-transform as a tool for analyzing and designing discrete-time and digital control systems.
  • C. An Introduction to Information Theory: Symbols, Signals and Noise
    An Introduction to Information Theory: Symbols, Signals and Noise is a classic, accessible textbook that explains the fundamental concepts of information theory, communication, and coding for a broad scientific and engineering audience.
  • D. “A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems”
    “A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems” is Rudolf E. Kálmán’s landmark 1960 paper that introduced the Kalman filter, a foundational algorithm for optimal estimation in control theory, signal processing, and navigation.
  • E. Kailath factorization in linear systems
    Kailath factorization in linear systems is a matrix factorization technique used in control and signal processing to efficiently analyze and solve linear dynamical systems.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: "Signals and Systems"
Triple: [Alan S. Willsky, coAuthorOf, "Signals and Systems"]
Generated description
"Signals and Systems" is a widely used engineering textbook that introduces the fundamental theory and applications of continuous-time and discrete-time signal processing and system analysis.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: "Signals and Systems"
Target entity description: "Signals and Systems" is a widely used engineering textbook that introduces the fundamental theory and applications of continuous-time and discrete-time signal processing and system analysis.
  • A. Principles of Communication Engineering
    Principles of Communication Engineering is a foundational textbook in communication theory that rigorously develops the mathematical and conceptual basis of modern digital and analog communication systems.
  • B. Theory and Application of the z-Transform Method
    "Theory and Application of the z-Transform Method" is a foundational technical book by Eliahu I. Jury that systematically develops the z-transform as a tool for analyzing and designing discrete-time and digital control systems.
  • C. An Introduction to Information Theory: Symbols, Signals and Noise
    An Introduction to Information Theory: Symbols, Signals and Noise is a classic, accessible textbook that explains the fundamental concepts of information theory, communication, and coding for a broad scientific and engineering audience.
  • D. “A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems”
    “A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems” is Rudolf E. Kálmán’s landmark 1960 paper that introduced the Kalman filter, a foundational algorithm for optimal estimation in control theory, signal processing, and navigation.
  • E. Kailath factorization in linear systems
    Kailath factorization in linear systems is a matrix factorization technique used in control and signal processing to efficiently analyze and solve linear dynamical systems.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c6887a499881909dd23341399c59d8 completed March 27, 2026, 1:39 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c6eb6fc5788190b1b339d051f93c22 completed March 27, 2026, 8:41 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c7e53faa0481909758a7366cbbe99f completed March 28, 2026, 2:27 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c7e68e8cc08190b21a9d095bb96394 completed March 28, 2026, 2:32 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c7e76f3cd88190957e096c81e6e803 completed March 28, 2026, 2:36 p.m.
Created at: March 27, 2026, 3 p.m.