Triple
T7150321
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Kubo formula |
E166674
|
entity |
| Predicate | usedIn |
P98
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Kubo-Greenwood formula for conductivity
The Kubo-Greenwood formula for conductivity is a quantum-mechanical expression that relates a material’s electrical conductivity to its electronic states and transition probabilities, widely used to compute transport properties from first-principles calculations.
|
E645104
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kubo-Greenwood formula for conductivity | Statement: [Kubo formula, usedIn, Kubo-Greenwood formula for conductivity]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kubo-Greenwood formula for conductivity Context triple: [Kubo formula, usedIn, Kubo-Greenwood formula for conductivity]
-
A.
Landauer–Büttiker formalism
The Landauer–Büttiker formalism is a theoretical framework in mesoscopic physics that describes electrical conductance in terms of quantum transmission of electrons through scattering channels.
-
B.
Mott minimum metallic conductivity
Mott minimum metallic conductivity is a theoretical lower bound on the electrical conductivity of a metal, proposed by Sir Nevill F. Mott, below which a material can no longer sustain metallic (delocalized) electronic transport.
-
C.
Eliashberg theory
Eliashberg theory is an extension of BCS superconductivity that incorporates strong-coupling and frequency-dependent effects to more accurately describe real superconducting materials.
-
D.
Luttinger liquid theory
Luttinger liquid theory is a framework describing the collective, non-Fermi-liquid behavior of interacting electrons in one-dimensional conductors, where excitations are best understood as bosonic density waves rather than quasiparticles.
-
E.
von Klitzing constant
The von Klitzing constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the quantized Hall resistance and provides a precise standard for electrical resistance in quantum metrology.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Kubo-Greenwood formula for conductivity Triple: [Kubo formula, usedIn, Kubo-Greenwood formula for conductivity]
Generated description
The Kubo-Greenwood formula for conductivity is a quantum-mechanical expression that relates a material’s electrical conductivity to its electronic states and transition probabilities, widely used to compute transport properties from first-principles calculations.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kubo-Greenwood formula for conductivity Target entity description: The Kubo-Greenwood formula for conductivity is a quantum-mechanical expression that relates a material’s electrical conductivity to its electronic states and transition probabilities, widely used to compute transport properties from first-principles calculations.
-
A.
Landauer–Büttiker formalism
The Landauer–Büttiker formalism is a theoretical framework in mesoscopic physics that describes electrical conductance in terms of quantum transmission of electrons through scattering channels.
-
B.
Mott minimum metallic conductivity
Mott minimum metallic conductivity is a theoretical lower bound on the electrical conductivity of a metal, proposed by Sir Nevill F. Mott, below which a material can no longer sustain metallic (delocalized) electronic transport.
-
C.
Eliashberg theory
Eliashberg theory is an extension of BCS superconductivity that incorporates strong-coupling and frequency-dependent effects to more accurately describe real superconducting materials.
-
D.
Luttinger liquid theory
Luttinger liquid theory is a framework describing the collective, non-Fermi-liquid behavior of interacting electrons in one-dimensional conductors, where excitations are best understood as bosonic density waves rather than quasiparticles.
-
E.
von Klitzing constant
The von Klitzing constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the quantized Hall resistance and provides a precise standard for electrical resistance in quantum metrology.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69c68886779c8190a8e3fbabffe68253 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 1:39 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69c6e7f28b188190b1732ca711666531 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 8:26 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c7ada940e08190b16e97e363801e75 |
completed | March 28, 2026, 10:30 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69c7ae5767408190860c1c7bc3a769fa |
completed | March 28, 2026, 10:32 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69c7aeb68c3481909c6dff8ee51349ab |
completed | March 28, 2026, 10:34 a.m. |
Created at: March 27, 2026, 2:46 p.m.