Triple

T6992993
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Friedrich Kohlrausch E162129 entity
Predicate familyName P18 FINISHED
Object Kohlrausch
Kohlrausch is a German surname most notably associated with physicist Friedrich Kohlrausch, known for his pioneering work in electrical conductivity and physical chemistry.
 E635553 NE FINISHED

Named-entity recognition

Before disambiguation, gpt-5-mini classified whether the object phrase is a named entity — the step behind the object's NE type shown above.

Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kohlrausch | Statement: [Friedrich Kohlrausch, familyName, Kohlrausch]

Disambiguation candidates (2 decisions)

The exact options the model was shown at each disambiguation step, with the option it chose highlighted — the evidence behind this triple's disambiguated ids.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Kohlrausch
Context triple: [Friedrich Kohlrausch, familyName, Kohlrausch]
  • A. Arrhenius
    Arrhenius is a Swedish surname most famously associated with Svante Arrhenius, a pioneering chemist and one of the founders of physical chemistry.
  • B. Hittorff
    Hittorff is the surname of Jacques Ignace Hittorff, a prominent 19th-century German-born French architect known for his work on Parisian urban design and monuments.
  • C. Butler–Volmer equation
    The Butler–Volmer equation is a fundamental relation in electrochemistry that describes how the rate of an electrode reaction (current density) depends on the electrode potential and reaction kinetics.
  • D. Ewald
    Ewald is a masculine given name of Germanic origin, historically borne by various notable figures in German and Central European history.
  • E. Debye–Hückel theory
    Debye–Hückel theory is a foundational model in physical chemistry that explains how electrostatic interactions between ions in solution affect properties such as activity coefficients and equilibrium behavior in electrolytes.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Kohlrausch
Target entity description: Kohlrausch is a German surname most notably associated with physicist Friedrich Kohlrausch, known for his pioneering work in electrical conductivity and physical chemistry.
  • A. Arrhenius
    Arrhenius is a Swedish surname most famously associated with Svante Arrhenius, a pioneering chemist and one of the founders of physical chemistry.
  • B. Hittorff
    Hittorff is the surname of Jacques Ignace Hittorff, a prominent 19th-century German-born French architect known for his work on Parisian urban design and monuments.
  • C. Butler–Volmer equation
    The Butler–Volmer equation is a fundamental relation in electrochemistry that describes how the rate of an electrode reaction (current density) depends on the electrode potential and reaction kinetics.
  • D. Ewald
    Ewald is a masculine given name of Germanic origin, historically borne by various notable figures in German and Central European history.
  • E. Debye–Hückel theory
    Debye–Hückel theory is a foundational model in physical chemistry that explains how electrostatic interactions between ions in solution affect properties such as activity coefficients and equilibrium behavior in electrolytes.
  • F. None of above. chosen

How the object was described

The object's one-sentence description was generated by prompting gpt-5.1 with the object name and this triple as context.

Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Kohlrausch
Triple: [Friedrich Kohlrausch, familyName, Kohlrausch]
Generated description
Kohlrausch is a German surname most notably associated with physicist Friedrich Kohlrausch, known for his pioneering work in electrical conductivity and physical chemistry.

Provenance (5 batches)

Stage Batch ID Job type Status
creating batch_69c68856d7808190ab33ee914640281b elicitation completed
NER batch_69c6dbc30fdc81909244d83c8178755c ner completed
NED1 batch_69c76a161f088190bbc3c4e2815fa929 ned_source_triple completed
NED2 batch_69c76cd889d88190b6998b3fd9f8e61c ned_description completed
NEDg batch_69c76c64fb908190ae2c7877ea18f47f nedg completed
Created at: March 27, 2026, 2:32 p.m.