Triple
T6938861
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Rydberg constant |
E160621
|
entity |
| Predicate | relatedConstant |
P25809
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Rydberg energy
Rydberg energy is a fundamental physical constant representing the binding energy of an electron in the ground state of a hydrogen atom, widely used as a reference scale in atomic physics and spectroscopy.
|
E629518
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Rydberg energy | Statement: [Rydberg constant, relatedConstant, Rydberg energy]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rydberg energy Context triple: [Rydberg constant, relatedConstant, Rydberg energy]
-
A.
Rydberg constant
The Rydberg constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (or lowest wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, playing a key role in atomic spectroscopy and quantum theory.
-
B.
Bohr radius
The Bohr radius is a fundamental physical constant that represents the most probable distance between the nucleus and the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state.
-
C.
Rydberg atoms
Rydberg atoms are highly excited atoms with one or more electrons in very high principal quantum number states, exhibiting exaggerated atomic properties and strong sensitivity to external fields.
-
D.
Sommerfeld fine-structure formula
The Sommerfeld fine-structure formula is a relativistic extension of the Bohr model that accurately predicts the fine-structure energy levels of the hydrogen atom.
-
E.
Fermi energy
Fermi energy is the highest occupied energy level of a system of fermions at absolute zero temperature, playing a central role in determining the electronic and thermal properties of metals and semiconductors.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Rydberg energy Triple: [Rydberg constant, relatedConstant, Rydberg energy]
Generated description
Rydberg energy is a fundamental physical constant representing the binding energy of an electron in the ground state of a hydrogen atom, widely used as a reference scale in atomic physics and spectroscopy.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rydberg energy Target entity description: Rydberg energy is a fundamental physical constant representing the binding energy of an electron in the ground state of a hydrogen atom, widely used as a reference scale in atomic physics and spectroscopy.
-
A.
Rydberg constant
The Rydberg constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (or lowest wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, playing a key role in atomic spectroscopy and quantum theory.
-
B.
Bohr radius
The Bohr radius is a fundamental physical constant that represents the most probable distance between the nucleus and the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state.
-
C.
Rydberg atoms
Rydberg atoms are highly excited atoms with one or more electrons in very high principal quantum number states, exhibiting exaggerated atomic properties and strong sensitivity to external fields.
-
D.
Sommerfeld fine-structure formula
The Sommerfeld fine-structure formula is a relativistic extension of the Bohr model that accurately predicts the fine-structure energy levels of the hydrogen atom.
-
E.
Fermi energy
Fermi energy is the highest occupied energy level of a system of fermions at absolute zero temperature, playing a central role in determining the electronic and thermal properties of metals and semiconductors.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69c6884f3db4819080ad65da69386206 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 1:38 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69c6da62d2f88190968d3fea538a95c9 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 7:28 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c7515509148190b5739cdf8cd7a28a |
completed | March 28, 2026, 3:56 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69c752c9b3d08190960d3c1aa88a93a7 |
completed | March 28, 2026, 4:02 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69c7537ea24c819081bb672d43d4a373 |
completed | March 28, 2026, 4:05 a.m. |
Created at: March 27, 2026, 2:28 p.m.