Triple

T6915483
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject George Gamow E160039 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper
The Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper is a landmark 1948 cosmology paper that introduced the theory of Big Bang nucleosynthesis, explaining the origin of the light elements in the early universe.
E627312 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper | Statement: [George Gamow, knownFor, Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper
Context triple: [George Gamow, knownFor, Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper]
  • A. “Synthesis of the Elements in Stars” (B2FH, 1957)
    “Synthesis of the Elements in Stars” (B2FH, 1957) is a landmark astrophysics paper that explained how chemical elements are formed through nuclear processes inside stars, laying the foundation for modern nucleosynthesis theory.
  • B. The Neutron (1932 paper)
    The Neutron (1932 paper) is James Chadwick’s landmark publication that announced and characterized the neutron, fundamentally reshaping nuclear physics and earning him the Nobel Prize in Physics.
  • C. Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions
    The Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions is a theoretical expression developed by Hans Bethe and Richard Feynman that estimates the energy yield and behavior of nuclear detonations based on fundamental physical parameters of the device.
  • D. Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission
    The Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission is the 1939 theoretical explanation by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch that identified nuclear fission as the splitting of heavy atomic nuclei with a corresponding release of enormous energy, laying the groundwork for nuclear physics and atomic energy.
  • E. Eddington standard model of stars
    The Eddington standard model of stars is a theoretical framework in stellar astrophysics that describes the internal structure and energy transport of stars under simplifying assumptions of radiative equilibrium and constant opacity.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper
Triple: [George Gamow, knownFor, Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper]
Generated description
The Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper is a landmark 1948 cosmology paper that introduced the theory of Big Bang nucleosynthesis, explaining the origin of the light elements in the early universe.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper
Target entity description: The Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper is a landmark 1948 cosmology paper that introduced the theory of Big Bang nucleosynthesis, explaining the origin of the light elements in the early universe.
  • A. “Synthesis of the Elements in Stars” (B2FH, 1957)
    “Synthesis of the Elements in Stars” (B2FH, 1957) is a landmark astrophysics paper that explained how chemical elements are formed through nuclear processes inside stars, laying the foundation for modern nucleosynthesis theory.
  • B. The Neutron (1932 paper)
    The Neutron (1932 paper) is James Chadwick’s landmark publication that announced and characterized the neutron, fundamentally reshaping nuclear physics and earning him the Nobel Prize in Physics.
  • C. Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions
    The Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions is a theoretical expression developed by Hans Bethe and Richard Feynman that estimates the energy yield and behavior of nuclear detonations based on fundamental physical parameters of the device.
  • D. Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission
    The Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission is the 1939 theoretical explanation by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch that identified nuclear fission as the splitting of heavy atomic nuclei with a corresponding release of enormous energy, laying the groundwork for nuclear physics and atomic energy.
  • E. Eddington standard model of stars
    The Eddington standard model of stars is a theoretical framework in stellar astrophysics that describes the internal structure and energy transport of stars under simplifying assumptions of radiative equilibrium and constant opacity.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c6883ab1008190a07129ff06f625d9 completed March 27, 2026, 1:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c6d9dec058819094d1913a1e5218c0 completed March 27, 2026, 7:26 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c7491589c08190982a84f2b61b497b completed March 28, 2026, 3:20 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c749e5a4188190829f534a12730c76 completed March 28, 2026, 3:24 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c74aaccf6c819084556ede9ffc0f19 completed March 28, 2026, 3:27 a.m.
Created at: March 27, 2026, 2:26 p.m.