Triple
T6915483
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | George Gamow |
E160039
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper
The Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper is a landmark 1948 cosmology paper that introduced the theory of Big Bang nucleosynthesis, explaining the origin of the light elements in the early universe.
|
E627312
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper | Statement: [George Gamow, knownFor, Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper Context triple: [George Gamow, knownFor, Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper]
-
A.
“Synthesis of the Elements in Stars” (B2FH, 1957)
“Synthesis of the Elements in Stars” (B2FH, 1957) is a landmark astrophysics paper that explained how chemical elements are formed through nuclear processes inside stars, laying the foundation for modern nucleosynthesis theory.
-
B.
The Neutron (1932 paper)
The Neutron (1932 paper) is James Chadwick’s landmark publication that announced and characterized the neutron, fundamentally reshaping nuclear physics and earning him the Nobel Prize in Physics.
-
C.
Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions
The Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions is a theoretical expression developed by Hans Bethe and Richard Feynman that estimates the energy yield and behavior of nuclear detonations based on fundamental physical parameters of the device.
-
D.
Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission
The Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission is the 1939 theoretical explanation by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch that identified nuclear fission as the splitting of heavy atomic nuclei with a corresponding release of enormous energy, laying the groundwork for nuclear physics and atomic energy.
-
E.
Eddington standard model of stars
The Eddington standard model of stars is a theoretical framework in stellar astrophysics that describes the internal structure and energy transport of stars under simplifying assumptions of radiative equilibrium and constant opacity.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper Triple: [George Gamow, knownFor, Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper]
Generated description
The Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper is a landmark 1948 cosmology paper that introduced the theory of Big Bang nucleosynthesis, explaining the origin of the light elements in the early universe.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper Target entity description: The Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper is a landmark 1948 cosmology paper that introduced the theory of Big Bang nucleosynthesis, explaining the origin of the light elements in the early universe.
-
A.
“Synthesis of the Elements in Stars” (B2FH, 1957)
“Synthesis of the Elements in Stars” (B2FH, 1957) is a landmark astrophysics paper that explained how chemical elements are formed through nuclear processes inside stars, laying the foundation for modern nucleosynthesis theory.
-
B.
The Neutron (1932 paper)
The Neutron (1932 paper) is James Chadwick’s landmark publication that announced and characterized the neutron, fundamentally reshaping nuclear physics and earning him the Nobel Prize in Physics.
-
C.
Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions
The Bethe–Feynman formula for nuclear explosions is a theoretical expression developed by Hans Bethe and Richard Feynman that estimates the energy yield and behavior of nuclear detonations based on fundamental physical parameters of the device.
-
D.
Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission
The Meitner–Frisch interpretation of fission is the 1939 theoretical explanation by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch that identified nuclear fission as the splitting of heavy atomic nuclei with a corresponding release of enormous energy, laying the groundwork for nuclear physics and atomic energy.
-
E.
Eddington standard model of stars
The Eddington standard model of stars is a theoretical framework in stellar astrophysics that describes the internal structure and energy transport of stars under simplifying assumptions of radiative equilibrium and constant opacity.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69c6883ab1008190a07129ff06f625d9 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 1:38 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69c6d9dec058819094d1913a1e5218c0 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 7:26 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c7491589c08190982a84f2b61b497b |
completed | March 28, 2026, 3:20 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69c749e5a4188190829f534a12730c76 |
completed | March 28, 2026, 3:24 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69c74aaccf6c819084556ede9ffc0f19 |
completed | March 28, 2026, 3:27 a.m. |
Created at: March 27, 2026, 2:26 p.m.