Triple
T6881555
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Walter Alvarez |
E158808
|
entity |
| Predicate | studied |
P778
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Gubbio K–Pg boundary section in Italy |
E6899
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Gubbio K–Pg boundary section in Italy | Statement: [Walter Alvarez, studied, Gubbio K–Pg boundary section in Italy]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gubbio K–Pg boundary section in Italy Context triple: [Walter Alvarez, studied, Gubbio K–Pg boundary section in Italy]
-
A.
Hangenberg black shales
The Hangenberg black shales are organic-rich Late Devonian sedimentary deposits that record the environmental and oceanographic upheavals associated with the Hangenberg extinction event.
-
B.
Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary
chosen
The Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary marks the geological transition 66 million years ago associated with a mass extinction event that wiped out non-avian dinosaurs and many other species, likely triggered by a large asteroid impact.
-
C.
Lomagundi–Jatuli carbon isotope excursion
The Lomagundi–Jatuli carbon isotope excursion was a major global perturbation in the carbon cycle during the Paleoproterozoic, marked by unusually high carbon isotope ratios that suggest prolonged burial of organic carbon and significant changes in Earth’s atmosphere and oceans.
-
D.
Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point at Klonk, Czech Republic
The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point at Klonk in the Czech Republic is a formally designated geological reference site that marks the internationally agreed base of the Devonian System and serves as a key standard for correlating Early Devonian rock strata worldwide.
-
E.
Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for base of Hettangian
The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Hettangian is the internationally agreed geological reference point that marks the formal beginning of the Jurassic Period and the Mesozoic era’s post-Triassic recovery interval.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69c688342f6c8190ad7eea6ba262db99 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 1:37 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69c6d8e798c08190b1f494a2c1445514 |
completed | March 27, 2026, 7:22 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c742c999cc8190a14aa0ae6c7a1f54 |
completed | March 28, 2026, 2:54 a.m. |
Created at: March 27, 2026, 2:23 p.m.