Triple

T6492712
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Duchy of Ferrara E148079 entity
Predicate notableRuler P22 FINISHED
Object Alfonso II d'Este
Alfonso II d'Este was a 16th-century Italian nobleman and patron of the arts who served as the last Duke of Ferrara from the House of Este before the duchy was absorbed into the Papal States.
 E598827 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Alfonso II d'Este | Statement: [Duchy of Ferrara, notableRuler, Alfonso II d'Este]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Alfonso II d'Este
Context triple: [Duchy of Ferrara, notableRuler, Alfonso II d'Este]
  • A. Francesco V d'Este
    Francesco V d'Este was the last reigning Duke of Modena and Reggio, a 19th-century Italian noble who lost his throne during the unification of Italy.
  • B. Alfonso IV d’Este, Duke of Modena
    Alfonso IV d’Este, Duke of Modena, was a 17th-century Italian nobleman and ruler of the Duchy of Modena and Reggio from the House of Este, noted as the father of Mary of Modena, future queen consort of England.
  • C. Ercole II d’Este
    Ercole II d’Este was Duke of Ferrara, Modena, and Reggio in the 16th century, known for his role as an Italian Renaissance ruler and patron of the arts.
  • D. Francesco I d'Este
    Francesco I d'Este was a 17th-century Italian nobleman who served as Duke of Modena and Reggio and is remembered as a prominent military leader and patron of the arts.
  • E. Francesco IV d'Este
    Francesco IV d'Este was a 19th-century Italian nobleman who served as Duke of Modena, Reggio, and Mirandola and was known for his conservative, absolutist rule during the turbulent period leading up to Italian unification.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Alfonso II d'Este
Triple: [Duchy of Ferrara, notableRuler, Alfonso II d'Este]
Generated description
Alfonso II d'Este was a 16th-century Italian nobleman and patron of the arts who served as the last Duke of Ferrara from the House of Este before the duchy was absorbed into the Papal States.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Alfonso II d'Este
Target entity description: Alfonso II d'Este was a 16th-century Italian nobleman and patron of the arts who served as the last Duke of Ferrara from the House of Este before the duchy was absorbed into the Papal States.
  • A. Francesco V d'Este
    Francesco V d'Este was the last reigning Duke of Modena and Reggio, a 19th-century Italian noble who lost his throne during the unification of Italy.
  • B. Alfonso IV d’Este, Duke of Modena
    Alfonso IV d’Este, Duke of Modena, was a 17th-century Italian nobleman and ruler of the Duchy of Modena and Reggio from the House of Este, noted as the father of Mary of Modena, future queen consort of England.
  • C. Ercole II d’Este
    Ercole II d’Este was Duke of Ferrara, Modena, and Reggio in the 16th century, known for his role as an Italian Renaissance ruler and patron of the arts.
  • D. Francesco I d'Este
    Francesco I d'Este was a 17th-century Italian nobleman who served as Duke of Modena and Reggio and is remembered as a prominent military leader and patron of the arts.
  • E. Francesco IV d'Este
    Francesco IV d'Este was a 19th-century Italian nobleman who served as Duke of Modena, Reggio, and Mirandola and was known for his conservative, absolutist rule during the turbulent period leading up to Italian unification.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c009088f3081909cd467b05919de30 completed March 22, 2026, 3:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c06ab6abbc8190a4971ad5a654b0cd completed March 22, 2026, 10:18 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c6857a8f188190ab3eaac5d3f87473 completed March 27, 2026, 1:26 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c69f1fb228819096b63169ee6a2b4f completed March 27, 2026, 3:15 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c6ac08698c8190b8a0a9625492353b completed March 27, 2026, 4:10 p.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:53 p.m.