Triple

T6376225
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Lars Ahlfors E143471 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Complex Analysis
Complex Analysis is a classic, widely used textbook that provides a rigorous introduction to the theory of functions of a complex variable.
E588685 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Complex Analysis | Statement: [Lars Ahlfors, notableWork, Complex Analysis]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Complex Analysis
Context triple: [Lars Ahlfors, notableWork, Complex Analysis]
  • A. Riemann surfaces
    Riemann surfaces are one-dimensional complex manifolds that provide the natural geometric setting for studying complex analytic functions and their multi-valued behavior.
  • B. Runge approximation theorem
    The Runge approximation theorem is a fundamental result in complex analysis stating that holomorphic functions on certain domains can be uniformly approximated by rational functions with poles outside those domains.
  • C. Théorie des fonctions analytiques
    Théorie des fonctions analytiques is a foundational mathematical treatise by Joseph-Louis Lagrange that systematically develops calculus using power series and analytic functions instead of geometric or infinitesimal arguments.
  • D. Cauchy–Riemann equations
    The Cauchy–Riemann equations are fundamental conditions in complex analysis that characterize when a complex-valued function is holomorphic (complex differentiable).
  • E. Functional Analysis: Introduction to Further Topics in Analysis
    "Functional Analysis: Introduction to Further Topics in Analysis" is an advanced graduate-level textbook by Elias Stein that develops modern functional analysis with applications to areas such as operator theory, harmonic analysis, and partial differential equations.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Complex Analysis
Triple: [Lars Ahlfors, notableWork, Complex Analysis]
Generated description
Complex Analysis is a classic, widely used textbook that provides a rigorous introduction to the theory of functions of a complex variable.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Complex Analysis
Target entity description: Complex Analysis is a classic, widely used textbook that provides a rigorous introduction to the theory of functions of a complex variable.
  • A. Riemann surfaces
    Riemann surfaces are one-dimensional complex manifolds that provide the natural geometric setting for studying complex analytic functions and their multi-valued behavior.
  • B. Runge approximation theorem
    The Runge approximation theorem is a fundamental result in complex analysis stating that holomorphic functions on certain domains can be uniformly approximated by rational functions with poles outside those domains.
  • C. Théorie des fonctions analytiques
    Théorie des fonctions analytiques is a foundational mathematical treatise by Joseph-Louis Lagrange that systematically develops calculus using power series and analytic functions instead of geometric or infinitesimal arguments.
  • D. Cauchy–Riemann equations
    The Cauchy–Riemann equations are fundamental conditions in complex analysis that characterize when a complex-valued function is holomorphic (complex differentiable).
  • E. Functional Analysis: Introduction to Further Topics in Analysis
    "Functional Analysis: Introduction to Further Topics in Analysis" is an advanced graduate-level textbook by Elias Stein that develops modern functional analysis with applications to areas such as operator theory, harmonic analysis, and partial differential equations.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c008d9f4348190ab598a2913259a1c completed March 22, 2026, 3:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c0683bfc7081908b15c3c9a3c72e7b completed March 22, 2026, 10:07 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c62d9dd9dc8190b2aca25feda3e690 completed March 27, 2026, 7:11 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c62fb982088190ab4ccbd5ff23740d completed March 27, 2026, 7:20 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c6302e2f008190bd7ccdfbcddb3c07 completed March 27, 2026, 7:22 a.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:33 p.m.