Triple

T6327929
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Fermat’s principle of least time E141903 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object Hamiltonian optics
Hamiltonian optics is a formulation of geometrical optics that applies Hamiltonian mechanics concepts to describe and analyze the trajectories of light rays in optical systems.
E586578 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Hamiltonian optics | Statement: [Fermat’s principle of least time, relatedTo, Hamiltonian optics]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hamiltonian optics
Context triple: [Fermat’s principle of least time, relatedTo, Hamiltonian optics]
  • A. Principles of Optics
    Principles of Optics is a seminal textbook that rigorously develops the theory of electromagnetic waves and optical phenomena, profoundly shaping modern physical optics.
  • B. Newtonian optics
    Newtonian optics is the branch of physics developed by Isaac Newton that explains light primarily as a stream of particles to account for reflection, refraction, and color phenomena.
  • C. Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction theory
    Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction theory is a more rigorous scalar diffraction formulation that corrects limitations in Kirchhoff’s approach by using boundary conditions consistent with the wave equation.
  • D. Fourier optics
    Fourier optics is a branch of optics that uses Fourier transform methods to analyze and design optical systems, particularly the propagation and diffraction of light waves.
  • E. Schwarzschild criterion in optics
    The Schwarzschild criterion in optics is a condition that determines when an optical system is free from spherical aberration by relating the geometry of the system’s mirrors or lenses to the paths of incoming light rays.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Hamiltonian optics
Triple: [Fermat’s principle of least time, relatedTo, Hamiltonian optics]
Generated description
Hamiltonian optics is a formulation of geometrical optics that applies Hamiltonian mechanics concepts to describe and analyze the trajectories of light rays in optical systems.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hamiltonian optics
Target entity description: Hamiltonian optics is a formulation of geometrical optics that applies Hamiltonian mechanics concepts to describe and analyze the trajectories of light rays in optical systems.
  • A. Principles of Optics
    Principles of Optics is a seminal textbook that rigorously develops the theory of electromagnetic waves and optical phenomena, profoundly shaping modern physical optics.
  • B. Newtonian optics
    Newtonian optics is the branch of physics developed by Isaac Newton that explains light primarily as a stream of particles to account for reflection, refraction, and color phenomena.
  • C. Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction theory
    Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction theory is a more rigorous scalar diffraction formulation that corrects limitations in Kirchhoff’s approach by using boundary conditions consistent with the wave equation.
  • D. Fourier optics
    Fourier optics is a branch of optics that uses Fourier transform methods to analyze and design optical systems, particularly the propagation and diffraction of light waves.
  • E. Schwarzschild criterion in optics
    The Schwarzschild criterion in optics is a condition that determines when an optical system is free from spherical aberration by relating the geometry of the system’s mirrors or lenses to the paths of incoming light rays.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c008d201748190917e69c41ba3f978 completed March 22, 2026, 3:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c064e9532081908277f10ec380a486 completed March 22, 2026, 9:53 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c60410223081908c1cf3663d4b14c0 completed March 27, 2026, 4:14 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c60626724881908e6270c2d3652c16 completed March 27, 2026, 4:23 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c606bd2228819082fcb63493664927 completed March 27, 2026, 4:25 a.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:29 p.m.