Triple
T6255726
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Walter Heitler |
E140158
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object | cascade theory of cosmic-ray showers |
E403516
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: cascade theory of cosmic-ray showers | Statement: [Walter Heitler, notableWork, cascade theory of cosmic-ray showers]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: cascade theory of cosmic-ray showers Context triple: [Walter Heitler, notableWork, cascade theory of cosmic-ray showers]
-
A.
Bhabha–Heitler theory of cascade showers
chosen
The Bhabha–Heitler theory of cascade showers is a foundational quantum electrodynamics model that explains how high-energy cosmic rays generate particle cascades as they interact with matter and radiation in the atmosphere.
-
B.
Cosmic Rays (book)
Cosmic Rays is a seminal 1964 monograph by physicist Bruno Rossi that systematically presents the experimental study and fundamental physics of high-energy particles from outer space.
-
C.
Cherenkov detectors
Cherenkov detectors are particle detectors that identify and measure high-speed charged particles by capturing the characteristic light they emit when traveling faster than the speed of light in a medium.
-
D.
Cherenkov radiation
Cherenkov radiation is the blue glow produced when charged particles travel through a medium faster than light can move in that medium, emitting a characteristic cone of light.
-
E.
cosmic ray telescope
A cosmic ray telescope is a scientific instrument designed to detect and measure high-energy particles from space, helping researchers study cosmic radiation and its origins.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69c008b4858c819095b0199114a9a87b |
completed | March 22, 2026, 3:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69c063653910819095f1dc3b90ce77db |
completed | March 22, 2026, 9:47 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c244379f308190b73fe7ed4ed678e9 |
completed | March 24, 2026, 7:58 a.m. |
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:24 p.m.