Triple

T6255724
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Walter Heitler E140158 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object The Quantum Theory of Radiation
The Quantum Theory of Radiation is a foundational physics text that systematically develops the quantum-mechanical treatment of electromagnetic radiation and its interaction with matter.
E579303 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: The Quantum Theory of Radiation | Statement: [Walter Heitler, notableWork, The Quantum Theory of Radiation]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Quantum Theory of Radiation
Context triple: [Walter Heitler, notableWork, The Quantum Theory of Radiation]
  • A. On the Law of Distribution of Energy in the Normal Spectrum
    "On the Law of Distribution of Energy in the Normal Spectrum" is Max Planck’s groundbreaking 1900 paper that introduced the concept of energy quantization and laid the foundations of quantum theory.
  • B. On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
    "On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
  • C. Theory of Atomic Spectra (1935)
    Theory of Atomic Spectra (1935) is a foundational physics monograph by Edward Condon that systematically develops the quantum-mechanical theory underlying atomic spectral lines and their structure.
  • D. Dirac 1931 paper on quantized singularities in the electromagnetic field
    The Dirac 1931 paper on quantized singularities in the electromagnetic field is a landmark theoretical physics work in which Paul Dirac introduced the concept of magnetic monopoles and showed how their existence would imply the quantization of electric charge.
  • E. The Principles of Quantum Mechanics
    The Principles of Quantum Mechanics is a foundational 1930 textbook by Paul Dirac that rigorously formalized quantum theory and introduced key concepts such as bra–ket notation.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: The Quantum Theory of Radiation
Triple: [Walter Heitler, notableWork, The Quantum Theory of Radiation]
Generated description
The Quantum Theory of Radiation is a foundational physics text that systematically develops the quantum-mechanical treatment of electromagnetic radiation and its interaction with matter.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Quantum Theory of Radiation
Target entity description: The Quantum Theory of Radiation is a foundational physics text that systematically develops the quantum-mechanical treatment of electromagnetic radiation and its interaction with matter.
  • A. On the Law of Distribution of Energy in the Normal Spectrum
    "On the Law of Distribution of Energy in the Normal Spectrum" is Max Planck’s groundbreaking 1900 paper that introduced the concept of energy quantization and laid the foundations of quantum theory.
  • B. On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
    "On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
  • C. Theory of Atomic Spectra (1935)
    Theory of Atomic Spectra (1935) is a foundational physics monograph by Edward Condon that systematically develops the quantum-mechanical theory underlying atomic spectral lines and their structure.
  • D. Dirac 1931 paper on quantized singularities in the electromagnetic field
    The Dirac 1931 paper on quantized singularities in the electromagnetic field is a landmark theoretical physics work in which Paul Dirac introduced the concept of magnetic monopoles and showed how their existence would imply the quantization of electric charge.
  • E. The Principles of Quantum Mechanics
    The Principles of Quantum Mechanics is a foundational 1930 textbook by Paul Dirac that rigorously formalized quantum theory and introduced key concepts such as bra–ket notation.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c008b4858c819095b0199114a9a87b completed March 22, 2026, 3:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c063653910819095f1dc3b90ce77db completed March 22, 2026, 9:47 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c244379f308190b73fe7ed4ed678e9 completed March 24, 2026, 7:58 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c246309e5081908cd00cdf15f545d3 completed March 24, 2026, 8:07 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c246cd73608190a76e1d99da153338 completed March 24, 2026, 8:09 a.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:24 p.m.