Triple

T6082254
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Jeffrey D. Ullman E135550 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Foundations of Computer Science
Foundations of Computer Science is a widely used introductory textbook that presents the fundamental concepts and theoretical underpinnings of computer science, including algorithms, data structures, automata, and complexity.
 E566632 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Foundations of Computer Science | Statement: [Jeffrey D. Ullman, notableWork, Foundations of Computer Science]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Foundations of Computer Science
Context triple: [Jeffrey D. Ullman, notableWork, Foundations of Computer Science]
  • A. Theoretical Computer Science
    Theoretical Computer Science is a branch of computer science that focuses on mathematical and abstract foundations of computation, including algorithms, complexity, automata, and formal languages.
  • B. The Science of Computing
    "The Science of Computing" is a foundational work by Peter J. Denning that explores the principles, theory, and practice underlying computer science as a scientific discipline.
  • C. Information and Computation
    Information and Computation is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on theoretical computer science, including areas such as algorithms, computational complexity, and formal methods.
  • D. Mathematical Theory of Computation
    Mathematical Theory of Computation is a foundational textbook in theoretical computer science that systematically develops formal models of computation, computability, and complexity.
  • E. Computing as a Discipline
    "Computing as a Discipline" is a seminal 1989 paper by Peter J. Denning that systematically defined the intellectual structure and core subfields of computer science as an academic discipline.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Foundations of Computer Science
Triple: [Jeffrey D. Ullman, notableWork, Foundations of Computer Science]
Generated description
Foundations of Computer Science is a widely used introductory textbook that presents the fundamental concepts and theoretical underpinnings of computer science, including algorithms, data structures, automata, and complexity.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Foundations of Computer Science
Target entity description: Foundations of Computer Science is a widely used introductory textbook that presents the fundamental concepts and theoretical underpinnings of computer science, including algorithms, data structures, automata, and complexity.
  • A. Theoretical Computer Science
    Theoretical Computer Science is a branch of computer science that focuses on mathematical and abstract foundations of computation, including algorithms, complexity, automata, and formal languages.
  • B. The Science of Computing
    "The Science of Computing" is a foundational work by Peter J. Denning that explores the principles, theory, and practice underlying computer science as a scientific discipline.
  • C. Information and Computation
    Information and Computation is a peer-reviewed scientific journal focusing on theoretical computer science, including areas such as algorithms, computational complexity, and formal methods.
  • D. Mathematical Theory of Computation
    Mathematical Theory of Computation is a foundational textbook in theoretical computer science that systematically develops formal models of computation, computability, and complexity.
  • E. Computing as a Discipline
    "Computing as a Discipline" is a seminal 1989 paper by Peter J. Denning that systematically defined the intellectual structure and core subfields of computer science as an academic discipline.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c0087ad31c8190ab936e0ff28614b6 completed March 22, 2026, 3:19 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c05774bc948190a446b27e83f7079b completed March 22, 2026, 8:56 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c11d57b5f481908d7df374837a486a completed March 23, 2026, 11 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c11e89c75481908381df126a7b1661 completed March 23, 2026, 11:05 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c11ef6971c8190b8dde5568b330b41 completed March 23, 2026, 11:07 a.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:11 p.m.