Triple
T5996890
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | James Whittaker (software engineer) |
E133493
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Exploratory Software Testing
Exploratory Software Testing is a software testing approach that emphasizes simultaneous learning, test design, and execution, relying on tester creativity and adaptability rather than strictly predefined test cases.
|
E560745
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Exploratory Software Testing | Statement: [James Whittaker (software engineer), notableWork, Exploratory Software Testing]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Exploratory Software Testing Context triple: [James Whittaker (software engineer), notableWork, Exploratory Software Testing]
-
A.
International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis
The International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis is a leading annual research conference focused on advancing the theory and practice of software testing, analysis, and verification.
-
B.
Agile Software Development, Principles, Patterns, and Practices
"Agile Software Development, Principles, Patterns, and Practices" is a foundational software engineering book by Robert C. Martin that explains agile methodologies through object-oriented design principles, design patterns, and best practices for building maintainable code.
-
C.
Framework for Integrated Test (FIT)
Framework for Integrated Test (FIT) is an early agile testing framework that lets customers, testers, and developers collaboratively define and automatically execute executable specifications using simple, table-based documents.
-
D.
No Silver Bullet: Essence and Accidents of Software Engineering
"No Silver Bullet: Essence and Accidents of Software Engineering" is a seminal essay arguing that no single technology or practice will yield dramatic, order-of-magnitude improvements in software productivity, reliability, or simplicity.
-
E.
Interactive Software Engineering
Interactive Software Engineering was a software company founded by Bertrand Meyer, best known for developing the Eiffel programming language and promoting object-oriented software engineering methods.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Exploratory Software Testing Triple: [James Whittaker (software engineer), notableWork, Exploratory Software Testing]
Generated description
Exploratory Software Testing is a software testing approach that emphasizes simultaneous learning, test design, and execution, relying on tester creativity and adaptability rather than strictly predefined test cases.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Exploratory Software Testing Target entity description: Exploratory Software Testing is a software testing approach that emphasizes simultaneous learning, test design, and execution, relying on tester creativity and adaptability rather than strictly predefined test cases.
-
A.
International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis
The International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis is a leading annual research conference focused on advancing the theory and practice of software testing, analysis, and verification.
-
B.
Agile Software Development, Principles, Patterns, and Practices
"Agile Software Development, Principles, Patterns, and Practices" is a foundational software engineering book by Robert C. Martin that explains agile methodologies through object-oriented design principles, design patterns, and best practices for building maintainable code.
-
C.
Framework for Integrated Test (FIT)
Framework for Integrated Test (FIT) is an early agile testing framework that lets customers, testers, and developers collaboratively define and automatically execute executable specifications using simple, table-based documents.
-
D.
No Silver Bullet: Essence and Accidents of Software Engineering
"No Silver Bullet: Essence and Accidents of Software Engineering" is a seminal essay arguing that no single technology or practice will yield dramatic, order-of-magnitude improvements in software productivity, reliability, or simplicity.
-
E.
Interactive Software Engineering
Interactive Software Engineering was a software company founded by Bertrand Meyer, best known for developing the Eiffel programming language and promoting object-oriented software engineering methods.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69c00870ddbc81909880fa3864f4f38d |
completed | March 22, 2026, 3:19 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69c04e963f3c819082dd755e328ab947 |
completed | March 22, 2026, 8:18 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c10876d4d0819083ac7431c8abaedd |
completed | March 23, 2026, 9:31 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69c10987f5588190ac9305b84d8916a7 |
completed | March 23, 2026, 9:36 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69c10afbee8081909cf516ae7cda7ccf |
completed | March 23, 2026, 9:42 a.m. |
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4:05 p.m.