Triple
T5919747
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Let’s Encrypt |
E131670
|
entity |
| Predicate | hasRootCertificate |
P38481
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
ISRG Root X1
ISRG Root X1 is the primary root certificate operated by the Internet Security Research Group that underpins the trust for most Let’s Encrypt-issued TLS/SSL certificates used across the web.
|
E556220
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (5 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: ISRG Root X1 | Statement: [Let’s Encrypt, hasRootCertificate, ISRG Root X1]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: ISRG Root X1 Context triple: [Let’s Encrypt, hasRootCertificate, ISRG Root X1]
-
A.
Let’s Encrypt
Let’s Encrypt is a free, automated, and open certificate authority that provides TLS/SSL certificates to enable secure HTTPS connections for websites worldwide.
-
B.
DNSSEC root key signing ceremony
The DNSSEC root key signing ceremony is a highly controlled, regularly scheduled cryptographic event where trusted personnel generate and manage the root cryptographic keys that secure the global Domain Name System.
-
C.
Comodo Dragon
Comodo Dragon is a Chromium-based web browser developed by Comodo that emphasizes enhanced security and privacy features compared to standard browsers.
-
D.
VeriSign
VeriSign is an American technology company best known for operating key internet infrastructure, including managing the .com and .net top-level domains and providing critical DNS and security services.
-
E.
X.509 certificates
X.509 certificates are digital documents that bind a public key to an entity’s identity using a trusted certificate authority, forming the basis of public key infrastructure for secure communications.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: ISRG Root X1 Triple: [Let’s Encrypt, hasRootCertificate, ISRG Root X1]
Generated description
ISRG Root X1 is the primary root certificate operated by the Internet Security Research Group that underpins the trust for most Let’s Encrypt-issued TLS/SSL certificates used across the web.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: ISRG Root X1 Target entity description: ISRG Root X1 is the primary root certificate operated by the Internet Security Research Group that underpins the trust for most Let’s Encrypt-issued TLS/SSL certificates used across the web.
-
A.
Let’s Encrypt
Let’s Encrypt is a free, automated, and open certificate authority that provides TLS/SSL certificates to enable secure HTTPS connections for websites worldwide.
-
B.
DNSSEC root key signing ceremony
The DNSSEC root key signing ceremony is a highly controlled, regularly scheduled cryptographic event where trusted personnel generate and manage the root cryptographic keys that secure the global Domain Name System.
-
C.
Comodo Dragon
Comodo Dragon is a Chromium-based web browser developed by Comodo that emphasizes enhanced security and privacy features compared to standard browsers.
-
D.
VeriSign
VeriSign is an American technology company best known for operating key internet infrastructure, including managing the .com and .net top-level domains and providing critical DNS and security services.
-
E.
X.509 certificates
X.509 certificates are digital documents that bind a public key to an entity’s identity using a trusted certificate authority, forming the basis of public key infrastructure for secure communications.
- F. None of above. chosen
PD
Predicate disambiguation
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: hasRootCertificate Context triple: [Let’s Encrypt, hasRootCertificate, ISRG Root X1]
-
A.
isTCKCertified
Indicates that an entity has successfully passed the Technology Compatibility Kit (TCK) tests and is officially certified as compliant with the relevant specification.
-
B.
certificateTypesInclude
Indicates that the set of certificate types associated with one entity includes (i.e., contains as members) the certificate types specified by another entity.
-
C.
hasSafetyCertificate
Indicates that an entity possesses or has been granted a valid safety certificate.
-
D.
DNSSECSupported
Indicates that a domain or DNS service supports and correctly implements DNSSEC security extensions for authenticating DNS data.
-
E.
hasCredential
chosen
Indicates that an entity possesses or has been granted a specific credential, qualification, or certification.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (6 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69c0085a1ed08190a7e9a8b6323fd680 |
completed | March 22, 2026, 3:18 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69c048fc112c8190b905bf561c9de096 |
completed | March 22, 2026, 7:54 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c0c03a95688190bfd51d7ada1e538f |
completed | March 23, 2026, 4:23 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69c0c2513aa88190866a59e0b75ef93f |
completed | March 23, 2026, 4:32 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69c0c31cd8808190b2f5c7c83f2e4c72 |
completed | March 23, 2026, 4:35 a.m. |
| PD | Predicate disambiguation | batch_69c03352208c8190968efed05a9fd416 |
completed | March 22, 2026, 6:22 p.m. |
Created at: March 22, 2026, 4 p.m.