Triple
T5823678
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems |
E129168
|
entity |
| Predicate | influencedBy |
P9
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Lotka–Volterra models
Lotka–Volterra models are a set of differential equations in mathematical biology that describe the dynamics of interacting species, such as predator–prey and competitive relationships, and are foundational for theoretical ecology.
|
E548443
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lotka–Volterra models | Statement: [Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems, influencedBy, Lotka–Volterra models]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lotka–Volterra models Context triple: [Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems, influencedBy, Lotka–Volterra models]
-
A.
Hairston–Smith–Slobodkin hypothesis
The Hairston–Smith–Slobodkin hypothesis is an influential ecological theory proposing that predators keep herbivore populations in check, allowing plant biomass to flourish and helping explain why the world is "green."
-
B.
Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems
Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems is a landmark 1973 book by theoretical ecologist Robert May that uses mathematical models to challenge the assumption that more complex ecosystems are inherently more stable.
-
C.
"Growth and Regulation of Animal Populations"
"Growth and Regulation of Animal Populations" is an influential ecological monograph by Lawrence B. Slobodkin that helped establish modern population ecology by analyzing how biological and environmental factors control animal population dynamics.
-
D.
Species Packing and Competitive Equilibrium for Many Species
"Species Packing and Competitive Equilibrium for Many Species" is a foundational ecological theory paper that analyzes how numerous species can coexist by partitioning resources and reaching competitive equilibrium within shared environments.
-
E.
theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is a branch of ecology that uses mathematical models and abstract concepts to understand and predict the dynamics, interactions, and organization of ecological systems.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Lotka–Volterra models Triple: [Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems, influencedBy, Lotka–Volterra models]
Generated description
Lotka–Volterra models are a set of differential equations in mathematical biology that describe the dynamics of interacting species, such as predator–prey and competitive relationships, and are foundational for theoretical ecology.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lotka–Volterra models Target entity description: Lotka–Volterra models are a set of differential equations in mathematical biology that describe the dynamics of interacting species, such as predator–prey and competitive relationships, and are foundational for theoretical ecology.
-
A.
Hairston–Smith–Slobodkin hypothesis
The Hairston–Smith–Slobodkin hypothesis is an influential ecological theory proposing that predators keep herbivore populations in check, allowing plant biomass to flourish and helping explain why the world is "green."
-
B.
Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems
Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems is a landmark 1973 book by theoretical ecologist Robert May that uses mathematical models to challenge the assumption that more complex ecosystems are inherently more stable.
-
C.
"Growth and Regulation of Animal Populations"
"Growth and Regulation of Animal Populations" is an influential ecological monograph by Lawrence B. Slobodkin that helped establish modern population ecology by analyzing how biological and environmental factors control animal population dynamics.
-
D.
Species Packing and Competitive Equilibrium for Many Species
"Species Packing and Competitive Equilibrium for Many Species" is a foundational ecological theory paper that analyzes how numerous species can coexist by partitioning resources and reaching competitive equilibrium within shared environments.
-
E.
theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is a branch of ecology that uses mathematical models and abstract concepts to understand and predict the dynamics, interactions, and organization of ecological systems.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69c0084869e881908d7859492183ca7b |
completed | March 22, 2026, 3:18 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69c03418d410819092b6f5f6db45ed39 |
completed | March 22, 2026, 6:25 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c0985ab01c8190ac03cb95427c688d |
completed | March 23, 2026, 1:33 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69c0993ebad08190a5470e0e345b6211 |
completed | March 23, 2026, 1:37 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69c09a13a19c8190a04807755d16fb95 |
completed | March 23, 2026, 1:40 a.m. |
Created at: March 22, 2026, 3:53 p.m.