Triple

T5791215
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Count of Vermandois E128396 entity
Predicate associatedWithEvent P37 FINISHED
Object Carolingian fragmentation
Carolingian fragmentation refers to the political and territorial breakup of the Carolingian Empire into smaller, semi-independent realms and lordships following the decline of centralized imperial authority in the 9th and 10th centuries.
E547444 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Carolingian fragmentation | Statement: [Count of Vermandois, associatedWithEvent, Carolingian fragmentation]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carolingian fragmentation
Context triple: [Count of Vermandois, associatedWithEvent, Carolingian fragmentation]
  • A. Treaty of Verdun
    The Treaty of Verdun was an agreement in 843 that divided the Carolingian Empire among Charlemagne’s grandsons, laying the foundations for the future kingdoms of France and Germany.
  • B. Carolingian Empire
    The Carolingian Empire was a large medieval Frankish realm in Western and Central Europe, most associated with Charlemagne and the revival of imperial authority in the West.
  • C. Carolingian period
    The Carolingian period was a phase of the early Middle Ages marked by the rule of the Carolingian dynasty, notable for the reign of Charlemagne and a revival of art, learning, and centralized authority in Western Europe.
  • D. Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom
    The Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom was Charlemagne’s late 8th-century military campaign that ended Lombard rule in Italy and incorporated its territories into the expanding Frankish Empire.
  • E. Carolingian dynasty
    The Carolingian dynasty was a Frankish noble family that rose to rule much of Western and Central Europe in the early Middle Ages, most famously under Charlemagne, laying foundations for the Holy Roman Empire.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Carolingian fragmentation
Triple: [Count of Vermandois, associatedWithEvent, Carolingian fragmentation]
Generated description
Carolingian fragmentation refers to the political and territorial breakup of the Carolingian Empire into smaller, semi-independent realms and lordships following the decline of centralized imperial authority in the 9th and 10th centuries.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carolingian fragmentation
Target entity description: Carolingian fragmentation refers to the political and territorial breakup of the Carolingian Empire into smaller, semi-independent realms and lordships following the decline of centralized imperial authority in the 9th and 10th centuries.
  • A. Treaty of Verdun
    The Treaty of Verdun was an agreement in 843 that divided the Carolingian Empire among Charlemagne’s grandsons, laying the foundations for the future kingdoms of France and Germany.
  • B. Carolingian Empire
    The Carolingian Empire was a large medieval Frankish realm in Western and Central Europe, most associated with Charlemagne and the revival of imperial authority in the West.
  • C. Carolingian period
    The Carolingian period was a phase of the early Middle Ages marked by the rule of the Carolingian dynasty, notable for the reign of Charlemagne and a revival of art, learning, and centralized authority in Western Europe.
  • D. Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom
    The Frankish conquest of the Lombard Kingdom was Charlemagne’s late 8th-century military campaign that ended Lombard rule in Italy and incorporated its territories into the expanding Frankish Empire.
  • E. Carolingian dynasty
    The Carolingian dynasty was a Frankish noble family that rose to rule much of Western and Central Europe in the early Middle Ages, most famously under Charlemagne, laying foundations for the Holy Roman Empire.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c00845ca68819081a2ce3ecca577f7 completed March 22, 2026, 3:18 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c02a56c73c81908a1c72c86e474b54 completed March 22, 2026, 5:43 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c09820f5c08190811e848eb44ce5b9 completed March 23, 2026, 1:32 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c0990bf38081908c09c5dfe660c35b completed March 23, 2026, 1:36 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c099b4bc4481909e7cf6886e5ccbea completed March 23, 2026, 1:39 a.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 3:51 p.m.