Triple
T5709629
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Elias Stein |
E125871
|
entity |
| Predicate | fieldOfWork |
P3
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Calderón–Zygmund theory
Calderón–Zygmund theory is a branch of harmonic analysis that studies singular integral operators and their boundedness properties on function spaces such as L^p.
|
E544152
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Calderón–Zygmund theory | Statement: [Elias Stein, fieldOfWork, Calderón–Zygmund theory]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Calderón–Zygmund theory Context triple: [Elias Stein, fieldOfWork, Calderón–Zygmund theory]
-
A.
Littlewood–Paley theory
Littlewood–Paley theory is a collection of techniques in harmonic analysis that decompose functions into frequency-localized pieces to study their behavior in L^p spaces and related function spaces.
-
B.
Harmonic Analysis: Real-Variable Methods, Orthogonality, and Oscillatory Integrals
"Harmonic Analysis: Real-Variable Methods, Orthogonality, and Oscillatory Integrals" is a foundational graduate-level textbook by Elias Stein that systematically develops modern harmonic analysis using real-variable techniques, emphasizing singular integrals, Littlewood–Paley theory, and oscillatory integral methods.
-
C.
Three regularity results in harmonic analysis
"Three regularity results in harmonic analysis" is the doctoral thesis of mathematician Terence Tao, focusing on advanced problems in harmonic analysis and the study of regularity properties of functions and operators.
-
D.
Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions
"Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions" is a landmark mathematical monograph by Elias M. Stein that developed the modern theory of singular integral operators and their role in harmonic analysis and differentiability.
-
E.
Hardy–Littlewood maximal function
The Hardy–Littlewood maximal function is a fundamental operator in real analysis and harmonic analysis that controls the local averages of a function and plays a key role in differentiation theorems and singular integral theory.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Calderón–Zygmund theory Triple: [Elias Stein, fieldOfWork, Calderón–Zygmund theory]
Generated description
Calderón–Zygmund theory is a branch of harmonic analysis that studies singular integral operators and their boundedness properties on function spaces such as L^p.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Calderón–Zygmund theory Target entity description: Calderón–Zygmund theory is a branch of harmonic analysis that studies singular integral operators and their boundedness properties on function spaces such as L^p.
-
A.
Littlewood–Paley theory
Littlewood–Paley theory is a collection of techniques in harmonic analysis that decompose functions into frequency-localized pieces to study their behavior in L^p spaces and related function spaces.
-
B.
Harmonic Analysis: Real-Variable Methods, Orthogonality, and Oscillatory Integrals
"Harmonic Analysis: Real-Variable Methods, Orthogonality, and Oscillatory Integrals" is a foundational graduate-level textbook by Elias Stein that systematically develops modern harmonic analysis using real-variable techniques, emphasizing singular integrals, Littlewood–Paley theory, and oscillatory integral methods.
-
C.
Three regularity results in harmonic analysis
"Three regularity results in harmonic analysis" is the doctoral thesis of mathematician Terence Tao, focusing on advanced problems in harmonic analysis and the study of regularity properties of functions and operators.
-
D.
Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions
"Singular Integrals and Differentiability Properties of Functions" is a landmark mathematical monograph by Elias M. Stein that developed the modern theory of singular integral operators and their role in harmonic analysis and differentiability.
-
E.
Hardy–Littlewood maximal function
The Hardy–Littlewood maximal function is a fundamental operator in real analysis and harmonic analysis that controls the local averages of a function and plays a key role in differentiation theorems and singular integral theory.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69c0082d6fe48190b777fb383769e5c8 |
completed | March 22, 2026, 3:18 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69c0248c3dac8190824fca9ddde89665 |
completed | March 22, 2026, 5:19 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69c07dedffd481909fafd916190b016f |
completed | March 22, 2026, 11:40 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69c08cf206188190a4e5bb2649d97be9 |
completed | March 23, 2026, 12:44 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69c08dc4d12c8190a7a245d583ef08d4 |
completed | March 23, 2026, 12:48 a.m. |
Created at: March 22, 2026, 3:46 p.m.