Triple

T5660520
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Willard Boyle E124725 entity
Predicate coInventorWith P1858 FINISHED
Object George E. Smith
George E. Smith is an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for co-inventing the charge-coupled device (CCD), a technology fundamental to digital imaging.
 E609926 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: George E. Smith | Statement: [Willard Boyle, coInventorWith, George E. Smith]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: George E. Smith
Context triple: [Willard Boyle, coInventorWith, George E. Smith]
  • A. John B. Purcell
    John B. Purcell was a 19th-century American Roman Catholic prelate who served as the Archbishop of Cincinnati and was known for his public debates defending Catholic doctrine.
  • B. Robert B. Leighton
    Robert B. Leighton was an American experimental physicist and educator known for his contributions to cosmic-ray and infrared astronomy and for coauthoring the influential Feynman Lectures on Physics.
  • C. George C. Powell
    George C. Powell was the father of Lewis Powell, one of the conspirators involved in the assassination plot against U.S. President Abraham Lincoln.
  • D. Eugene F. Stoermer
    Eugene F. Stoermer was an American freshwater ecologist best known for helping introduce and popularize the term "Anthropocene" to describe humanity’s profound impact on the Earth’s systems.
  • E. Bernard A. Newcomb
    Bernard A. Newcomb is an American entrepreneur best known as the co-founder of the online brokerage firm E-Trade.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: George E. Smith
Triple: [Willard Boyle, coInventorWith, George E. Smith]
Generated description
George E. Smith is an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for co-inventing the charge-coupled device (CCD), a technology fundamental to digital imaging.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: George E. Smith
Target entity description: George E. Smith is an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known for co-inventing the charge-coupled device (CCD), a technology fundamental to digital imaging.
  • A. John B. Purcell
    John B. Purcell was a 19th-century American Roman Catholic prelate who served as the Archbishop of Cincinnati and was known for his public debates defending Catholic doctrine.
  • B. Robert B. Leighton
    Robert B. Leighton was an American experimental physicist and educator known for his contributions to cosmic-ray and infrared astronomy and for coauthoring the influential Feynman Lectures on Physics.
  • C. George C. Powell
    George C. Powell was the father of Lewis Powell, one of the conspirators involved in the assassination plot against U.S. President Abraham Lincoln.
  • D. Eugene F. Stoermer
    Eugene F. Stoermer was an American freshwater ecologist best known for helping introduce and popularize the term "Anthropocene" to describe humanity’s profound impact on the Earth’s systems.
  • E. Bernard A. Newcomb
    Bernard A. Newcomb is an American entrepreneur best known as the co-founder of the online brokerage firm E-Trade.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c0082774a481909d7e63fb2aad56ac completed March 22, 2026, 3:17 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c0232077448190afdef460671eaf4f completed March 22, 2026, 5:13 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c6eebbef8c8190ad00760312e40924 completed March 27, 2026, 8:55 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c6f09ea58c8190bfd8a183581b5a5a completed March 27, 2026, 9:03 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c6f1a0935881908afc30ce76bdf76f completed March 27, 2026, 9:07 p.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 3:42 p.m.