Triple

T543509
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Western Roman Empire E12682 entity
Predicate notableEvent P259 FINISHED
Object Battle of the Frigidus in 394
The Battle of the Frigidus in 394 was a decisive late Roman civil war clash in which Emperor Theodosius I defeated the usurper Eugenius, leading to the brief reunification of the Roman Empire under a single ruler.
E68108 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Battle of the Frigidus in 394 | Statement: [Western Roman Empire, notableEvent, Battle of the Frigidus in 394]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of the Frigidus in 394
Context triple: [Western Roman Empire, notableEvent, Battle of the Frigidus in 394]
  • A. Battle of Adrianople in 378
    The Battle of Adrianople in 378 was a decisive clash in which Gothic forces annihilated a Roman army and killed Emperor Valens, marking a major turning point in the decline of the Roman Empire.
  • B. Battle of the Milvian Bridge
    The Battle of the Milvian Bridge (312 CE) was a decisive clash between Constantine and Maxentius near Rome, famous for Constantine’s reported vision that led to his adoption of the Christian symbol and helped pave the way for the Roman Empire’s Christianization.
  • C. Battle of Carnuntum
    The Battle of Carnuntum was a major clash between Roman forces and Germanic tribes during the Marcomannic Wars, fought near the important Roman military and administrative center of Carnuntum on the Danube frontier.
  • D. Battle of Opis
    The Battle of Opis was a decisive 539 BC engagement in which Cyrus the Great’s Persian forces defeated the Neo-Babylonian army, leading to the fall of Babylon and the expansion of the Achaemenid Empire.
  • E. Marcomannic Wars
    The Marcomannic Wars were a series of mid-2nd century conflicts in which the Roman Empire fought Germanic and other tribes along the Danube frontier, severely testing imperial military strength under Emperor Marcus Aurelius.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Battle of the Frigidus in 394
Triple: [Western Roman Empire, notableEvent, Battle of the Frigidus in 394]
Generated description
The Battle of the Frigidus in 394 was a decisive late Roman civil war clash in which Emperor Theodosius I defeated the usurper Eugenius, leading to the brief reunification of the Roman Empire under a single ruler.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of the Frigidus in 394
Target entity description: The Battle of the Frigidus in 394 was a decisive late Roman civil war clash in which Emperor Theodosius I defeated the usurper Eugenius, leading to the brief reunification of the Roman Empire under a single ruler.
  • A. Battle of Adrianople in 378
    The Battle of Adrianople in 378 was a decisive clash in which Gothic forces annihilated a Roman army and killed Emperor Valens, marking a major turning point in the decline of the Roman Empire.
  • B. Battle of the Milvian Bridge
    The Battle of the Milvian Bridge (312 CE) was a decisive clash between Constantine and Maxentius near Rome, famous for Constantine’s reported vision that led to his adoption of the Christian symbol and helped pave the way for the Roman Empire’s Christianization.
  • C. Battle of Carnuntum
    The Battle of Carnuntum was a major clash between Roman forces and Germanic tribes during the Marcomannic Wars, fought near the important Roman military and administrative center of Carnuntum on the Danube frontier.
  • D. Battle of Opis
    The Battle of Opis was a decisive 539 BC engagement in which Cyrus the Great’s Persian forces defeated the Neo-Babylonian army, leading to the fall of Babylon and the expansion of the Achaemenid Empire.
  • E. Marcomannic Wars
    The Marcomannic Wars were a series of mid-2nd century conflicts in which the Roman Empire fought Germanic and other tribes along the Danube frontier, severely testing imperial military strength under Emperor Marcus Aurelius.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a49334226c81908b0ea1689ef6aa3f completed March 1, 2026, 7:27 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4986250508190ac91cfdf7d57073d completed March 1, 2026, 7:49 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a4d042a590819096ed622dc6bcf8e4 completed March 1, 2026, 11:48 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a4d0a6aa508190b8a29de838d2dbb0 completed March 1, 2026, 11:49 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a4d114973c81908c3d8fb393f9ee14 completed March 1, 2026, 11:51 p.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:32 p.m.