Triple

T5060542
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject North America Nebula E114010 entity
Predicate catalog P20407 FINISHED
Object Caldwell catalogue
The Caldwell catalogue is an astronomical list of 109 bright star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies compiled by Patrick Moore as a complement to the Messier catalogue, intended for observation by amateur astronomers.
 E491338 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Caldwell catalogue | Statement: [North America Nebula, catalog, Caldwell catalogue]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Caldwell catalogue
Context triple: [North America Nebula, catalog, Caldwell catalogue]
  • A. Henry Draper Catalogue
    The Henry Draper Catalogue is a pioneering astronomical star catalog that provides spectral classifications and designations for hundreds of thousands of stars, forming a foundational resource in stellar astronomy.
  • B. New General Catalogue
    The New General Catalogue is a comprehensive 19th-century astronomical catalog of deep-sky objects, including galaxies, nebulae, and star clusters, that remains widely used by astronomers today.
  • C. Armagh Catalogue of Stars
    The Armagh Catalogue of Stars is a 19th-century astronomical star catalog compiled at Armagh Observatory, listing precise positions and related data for thousands of stars.
  • D. Messier catalogue
    The Messier catalogue is an 18th-century list of 110 notable deep-sky objects, such as star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies, compiled by French astronomer Charles Messier to help astronomers distinguish them from comets.
  • E. Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalogs
    The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalogs are comprehensive astronomical catalogs that provide precise positional and photometric data for millions of stars, widely used for research and satellite tracking.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Caldwell catalogue
Triple: [North America Nebula, catalog, Caldwell catalogue]
Generated description
The Caldwell catalogue is an astronomical list of 109 bright star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies compiled by Patrick Moore as a complement to the Messier catalogue, intended for observation by amateur astronomers.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Caldwell catalogue
Target entity description: The Caldwell catalogue is an astronomical list of 109 bright star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies compiled by Patrick Moore as a complement to the Messier catalogue, intended for observation by amateur astronomers.
  • A. Henry Draper Catalogue
    The Henry Draper Catalogue is a pioneering astronomical star catalog that provides spectral classifications and designations for hundreds of thousands of stars, forming a foundational resource in stellar astronomy.
  • B. New General Catalogue
    The New General Catalogue is a comprehensive 19th-century astronomical catalog of deep-sky objects, including galaxies, nebulae, and star clusters, that remains widely used by astronomers today.
  • C. Armagh Catalogue of Stars
    The Armagh Catalogue of Stars is a 19th-century astronomical star catalog compiled at Armagh Observatory, listing precise positions and related data for thousands of stars.
  • D. Messier catalogue
    The Messier catalogue is an 18th-century list of 110 notable deep-sky objects, such as star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies, compiled by French astronomer Charles Messier to help astronomers distinguish them from comets.
  • E. Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalogs
    The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalogs are comprehensive astronomical catalogs that provide precise positional and photometric data for millions of stars, widely used for research and satellite tracking.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd443c0c8c81908663b77afb28e165 completed March 20, 2026, 12:57 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd7472a1dc8190942f568a81fdd961 completed March 20, 2026, 4:23 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69bea49283f48190b5db5ad78f332f95 completed March 21, 2026, 2 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69bea67c2c3c8190af0caba391bfe69c completed March 21, 2026, 2:09 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69beaa2c9bf88190b9f96474a1b4f13d completed March 21, 2026, 2:24 p.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:38 p.m.