Triple
T4975884
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Electronic Processes in Non-Crystalline Materials |
E111763
|
entity |
| Predicate | describedConcept |
P519
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Coulomb gap
The Coulomb gap is a soft depletion of electronic states near the Fermi level in disordered or localized systems, arising from long-range electron–electron interactions.
|
E484704
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Coulomb gap | Statement: [Electronic Processes in Non-Crystalline Materials, describedConcept, Coulomb gap]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Coulomb gap Context triple: [Electronic Processes in Non-Crystalline Materials, describedConcept, Coulomb gap]
-
A.
Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect
The Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect is a quantum electrodynamics phenomenon in which high-energy electrons and photons in dense media experience suppressed bremsstrahlung and pair production due to multiple scattering.
-
B.
Luttinger liquid theory
Luttinger liquid theory is a framework describing the collective, non-Fermi-liquid behavior of interacting electrons in one-dimensional conductors, where excitations are best understood as bosonic density waves rather than quasiparticles.
-
C.
Landau–Peierls instability
Landau–Peierls instability is a theoretical prediction in condensed matter physics that shows how long-wavelength thermal fluctuations destroy true long-range positional order in low-dimensional crystalline systems.
-
D.
Peierls transition
The Peierls transition is a phase transition in one-dimensional metals where a periodic lattice distortion opens an energy gap at the Fermi surface, turning the system from a metal into an insulator or semiconductor.
-
E.
Yang–Lee theory
Yang–Lee theory is a framework in statistical mechanics and phase transition theory that studies the distribution of zeros of the partition function in the complex plane to understand critical phenomena.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Coulomb gap Triple: [Electronic Processes in Non-Crystalline Materials, describedConcept, Coulomb gap]
Generated description
The Coulomb gap is a soft depletion of electronic states near the Fermi level in disordered or localized systems, arising from long-range electron–electron interactions.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Coulomb gap Target entity description: The Coulomb gap is a soft depletion of electronic states near the Fermi level in disordered or localized systems, arising from long-range electron–electron interactions.
-
A.
Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect
The Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect is a quantum electrodynamics phenomenon in which high-energy electrons and photons in dense media experience suppressed bremsstrahlung and pair production due to multiple scattering.
-
B.
Luttinger liquid theory
Luttinger liquid theory is a framework describing the collective, non-Fermi-liquid behavior of interacting electrons in one-dimensional conductors, where excitations are best understood as bosonic density waves rather than quasiparticles.
-
C.
Landau–Peierls instability
Landau–Peierls instability is a theoretical prediction in condensed matter physics that shows how long-wavelength thermal fluctuations destroy true long-range positional order in low-dimensional crystalline systems.
-
D.
Peierls transition
The Peierls transition is a phase transition in one-dimensional metals where a periodic lattice distortion opens an energy gap at the Fermi surface, turning the system from a metal into an insulator or semiconductor.
-
E.
Yang–Lee theory
Yang–Lee theory is a framework in statistical mechanics and phase transition theory that studies the distribution of zeros of the partition function in the complex plane to understand critical phenomena.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69bd441a0eb481908050fa4273b19eae |
completed | March 20, 2026, 12:56 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69bd77c9fc7c8190b165a5cfd5889ba8 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 4:37 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69be8a01e548819087e3a6ae2cd581b9 |
completed | March 21, 2026, 12:07 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69be8c193f2c8190a220ffc2571bcb64 |
completed | March 21, 2026, 12:16 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69be8c6723f08190b0e722dbb1171173 |
completed | March 21, 2026, 12:17 p.m. |
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:33 p.m.