Triple

T4966563
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Zdeněk P. Bažant E111539 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Size Effect in Concrete Structures
"Size Effect in Concrete Structures" is a seminal work in structural engineering that explains how the strength and failure behavior of concrete structures change with their size, fundamentally influencing modern design and fracture mechanics of concrete.
E483195 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Size Effect in Concrete Structures | Statement: [Zdeněk P. Bažant, notableWork, Size Effect in Concrete Structures]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Size Effect in Concrete Structures
Context triple: [Zdeněk P. Bažant, notableWork, Size Effect in Concrete Structures]
  • A. Concrete
    Concrete is a small town in Skagit County, Washington, known for its historic cement industry and scenic location near the North Cascades.
  • B. Reflections of a Structural Engineer
    Reflections of a Structural Engineer is a memoir-style book by pioneering structural engineer Leslie E. Robertson, recounting his career designing landmark skyscrapers and complex structures around the world.
  • C. Dom-ino structural system
    The Dom-ino structural system is Le Corbusier’s pioneering open-floor concrete frame concept that uses free-standing columns and flat slabs to allow flexible, non-load-bearing walls and liberated facades.
  • D. Parabeton – Pier Luigi Nervi and Roman Concrete
    Parabeton – Pier Luigi Nervi and Roman Concrete is an experimental documentary film by Heinz Emigholz that visually explores the concrete architecture of Pier Luigi Nervi and its relationship to ancient Roman building techniques.
  • E. Pombaline cage anti-seismic building design
    The Pombaline cage anti-seismic building design is an 18th-century Portuguese structural system using an internal wooden lattice frame within masonry walls to improve buildings’ resistance to earthquakes.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Size Effect in Concrete Structures
Triple: [Zdeněk P. Bažant, notableWork, Size Effect in Concrete Structures]
Generated description
"Size Effect in Concrete Structures" is a seminal work in structural engineering that explains how the strength and failure behavior of concrete structures change with their size, fundamentally influencing modern design and fracture mechanics of concrete.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Size Effect in Concrete Structures
Target entity description: "Size Effect in Concrete Structures" is a seminal work in structural engineering that explains how the strength and failure behavior of concrete structures change with their size, fundamentally influencing modern design and fracture mechanics of concrete.
  • A. Concrete
    Concrete is a small town in Skagit County, Washington, known for its historic cement industry and scenic location near the North Cascades.
  • B. Reflections of a Structural Engineer
    Reflections of a Structural Engineer is a memoir-style book by pioneering structural engineer Leslie E. Robertson, recounting his career designing landmark skyscrapers and complex structures around the world.
  • C. Dom-ino structural system
    The Dom-ino structural system is Le Corbusier’s pioneering open-floor concrete frame concept that uses free-standing columns and flat slabs to allow flexible, non-load-bearing walls and liberated facades.
  • D. Parabeton – Pier Luigi Nervi and Roman Concrete
    Parabeton – Pier Luigi Nervi and Roman Concrete is an experimental documentary film by Heinz Emigholz that visually explores the concrete architecture of Pier Luigi Nervi and its relationship to ancient Roman building techniques.
  • E. Pombaline cage anti-seismic building design
    The Pombaline cage anti-seismic building design is an 18th-century Portuguese structural system using an internal wooden lattice frame within masonry walls to improve buildings’ resistance to earthquakes.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd4419393c819086319a6fe4bf8542 completed March 20, 2026, 12:56 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd71f7ae388190b752770bf577906f completed March 20, 2026, 4:12 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69be81f13988819097dcd5a65cb1f502 completed March 21, 2026, 11:33 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69be83b10e048190889289ac2ca9f07f completed March 21, 2026, 11:40 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69be843e2e50819099b2b73498c7c16e completed March 21, 2026, 11:42 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:32 p.m.