Triple

T4943107
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Lowell Observatory E110983 entity
Predicate employed P7 FINISHED
Object Vesto Melvin Slipher
Vesto Melvin Slipher was an American astronomer best known for his pioneering measurements of galaxy redshifts, which provided early evidence for the expansion of the universe.
E489378 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Vesto Melvin Slipher | Statement: [Lowell Observatory, employed, Vesto Melvin Slipher]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Vesto Melvin Slipher
Context triple: [Lowell Observatory, employed, Vesto Melvin Slipher]
  • A. Milton Humason
    Milton Humason was an American astronomer who, despite lacking formal education, became a key collaborator of Edwin Hubble and made crucial spectroscopic observations that helped establish the evidence for the expanding universe.
  • B. Edward Charles Pickering
    Edward Charles Pickering was a pioneering American astronomer and longtime director of the Harvard College Observatory, known for his major contributions to stellar spectroscopy and the classification of stars.
  • C. George Ellery Hale
    George Ellery Hale was an influential American solar astronomer and observatory builder who pioneered modern astrophysics and led the creation of several of the world’s largest telescopes.
  • D. George Willis Ritchey
    George Willis Ritchey was an American optician and telescope designer renowned for pioneering advanced reflecting telescope technologies in the early 20th century.
  • E. John Louis Emil Dreyer
    John Louis Emil Dreyer was a Danish-Irish astronomer best known for creating influential catalogues of deep-sky objects, including the New General Catalogue (NGC).
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Vesto Melvin Slipher
Triple: [Lowell Observatory, employed, Vesto Melvin Slipher]
Generated description
Vesto Melvin Slipher was an American astronomer best known for his pioneering measurements of galaxy redshifts, which provided early evidence for the expansion of the universe.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Vesto Melvin Slipher
Target entity description: Vesto Melvin Slipher was an American astronomer best known for his pioneering measurements of galaxy redshifts, which provided early evidence for the expansion of the universe.
  • A. Milton Humason
    Milton Humason was an American astronomer who, despite lacking formal education, became a key collaborator of Edwin Hubble and made crucial spectroscopic observations that helped establish the evidence for the expanding universe.
  • B. Edward Charles Pickering
    Edward Charles Pickering was a pioneering American astronomer and longtime director of the Harvard College Observatory, known for his major contributions to stellar spectroscopy and the classification of stars.
  • C. George Ellery Hale
    George Ellery Hale was an influential American solar astronomer and observatory builder who pioneered modern astrophysics and led the creation of several of the world’s largest telescopes.
  • D. George Willis Ritchey
    George Willis Ritchey was an American optician and telescope designer renowned for pioneering advanced reflecting telescope technologies in the early 20th century.
  • E. John Louis Emil Dreyer
    John Louis Emil Dreyer was a Danish-Irish astronomer best known for creating influential catalogues of deep-sky objects, including the New General Catalogue (NGC).
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd441721cc819085c7e33fe0876818 completed March 20, 2026, 12:56 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd70a7650c8190b046b65072fd8eae completed March 20, 2026, 4:07 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69be9c4857cc819085fbdd996134a5e8 completed March 21, 2026, 1:25 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69bea0b239848190a423865a4bf623f7 completed March 21, 2026, 1:44 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69bea13d70008190b92fa53318d30820 completed March 21, 2026, 1:46 p.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:31 p.m.