Triple
T4917270
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | NGC 224 |
E110378
|
entity |
| Predicate | firstTelescopicObservationBy |
P59999
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Simon Marius
Simon Marius was a German astronomer best known for his early telescopic observations of celestial objects and for independently discovering the four largest moons of Jupiter around the same time as Galileo.
|
E479289
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (5 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Simon Marius | Statement: [NGC 224, firstTelescopicObservationBy, Simon Marius]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Simon Marius Context triple: [NGC 224, firstTelescopicObservationBy, Simon Marius]
-
A.
Johannes Hevelius
Johannes Hevelius was a 17th-century Polish astronomer and brewer renowned for his detailed lunar maps, star catalogues, and the introduction of several new constellations.
-
B.
Georg Joachim Rheticus
Georg Joachim Rheticus was a 16th-century mathematician and astronomer best known for being a key disciple of Nicolaus Copernicus and for helping to introduce and defend the heliocentric model of the cosmos.
-
C.
Johannes Kepler
Johannes Kepler was a pioneering 17th-century German astronomer and mathematician best known for formulating the three laws of planetary motion that laid crucial groundwork for classical mechanics.
-
D.
Wilhelm Keppler
Wilhelm Keppler was a German industrialist and early economic adviser to Adolf Hitler who became a prominent Nazi official involved in the regime’s economic and industrial policies.
-
E.
Michael Maestlin
Michael Maestlin was a German astronomer and mathematician best known as Johannes Kepler’s mentor and an early supporter of the Copernican heliocentric system.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Simon Marius Triple: [NGC 224, firstTelescopicObservationBy, Simon Marius]
Generated description
Simon Marius was a German astronomer best known for his early telescopic observations of celestial objects and for independently discovering the four largest moons of Jupiter around the same time as Galileo.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Simon Marius Target entity description: Simon Marius was a German astronomer best known for his early telescopic observations of celestial objects and for independently discovering the four largest moons of Jupiter around the same time as Galileo.
-
A.
Johannes Hevelius
Johannes Hevelius was a 17th-century Polish astronomer and brewer renowned for his detailed lunar maps, star catalogues, and the introduction of several new constellations.
-
B.
Georg Joachim Rheticus
Georg Joachim Rheticus was a 16th-century mathematician and astronomer best known for being a key disciple of Nicolaus Copernicus and for helping to introduce and defend the heliocentric model of the cosmos.
-
C.
Johannes Kepler
Johannes Kepler was a pioneering 17th-century German astronomer and mathematician best known for formulating the three laws of planetary motion that laid crucial groundwork for classical mechanics.
-
D.
Wilhelm Keppler
Wilhelm Keppler was a German industrialist and early economic adviser to Adolf Hitler who became a prominent Nazi official involved in the regime’s economic and industrial policies.
-
E.
Michael Maestlin
Michael Maestlin was a German astronomer and mathematician best known as Johannes Kepler’s mentor and an early supporter of the Copernican heliocentric system.
- F. None of above. chosen
PD
Predicate disambiguation
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: firstTelescopicObservationBy Context triple: [NGC 224, firstTelescopicObservationBy, Simon Marius]
-
A.
telescopeUsed
Indicates that a particular telescope was employed or utilized to perform an observation or related activity.
-
B.
observatoryOpened
Indicates that an observatory has begun operating or has been officially opened for use.
-
C.
firstSatellite
Indicates that one entity is the first satellite (in order of launch, discovery, or designation) associated with another entity.
-
D.
isFirstSpacecraftTo
Indicates that a spacecraft is the earliest or initial one to reach, visit, or achieve a specified destination or milestone.
-
E.
addedToMessierCatalogueBy
Indicates that one entity (typically an astronomical object) was included in the Messier Catalogue through the action or authorship of another entity (typically a person or organization).
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (7 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69bd44132b94819088522d92beaadc78 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 12:56 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69bd6fa760448190946401b4b21ea8b7 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 4:02 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69be6ff19f508190902b77b9ca1e5ab6 |
completed | March 21, 2026, 10:16 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69be71f8bd708190b0a9658e3a4f1db1 |
completed | March 21, 2026, 10:24 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69be72572c748190bcdf9f229f0499cc |
completed | March 21, 2026, 10:26 a.m. |
| PD | Predicate disambiguation | batch_69bd6c3421588190ab08e92b9558042e |
completed | March 20, 2026, 3:48 p.m. |
| PDg | Predicate description generation | batch_69bd6e482984819087124216738f1e29 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 3:56 p.m. |
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:29 p.m.