Triple

T4818552
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Abraham Pais E107650 entity
Predicate notableIdea P4 FINISHED
Object Pais–Uhlenbeck oscillator
The Pais–Uhlenbeck oscillator is a higher-derivative harmonic oscillator model in theoretical physics that serves as a key example in the study of stability and quantization issues in higher-order field theories.
E471861 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Pais–Uhlenbeck oscillator | Statement: [Abraham Pais, notableIdea, Pais–Uhlenbeck oscillator]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pais–Uhlenbeck oscillator
Context triple: [Abraham Pais, notableIdea, Pais–Uhlenbeck oscillator]
  • A. Bogoliubov–Mitropolsky asymptotic methods in nonlinear oscillations
    "Bogoliubov–Mitropolsky Asymptotic Methods in Nonlinear Oscillations" is a classic mathematical monograph that develops systematic asymptotic techniques for analyzing and approximating solutions of nonlinear oscillatory systems.
  • B. Lifshitz
    Lifshitz is the original family surname of American fashion designer and business magnate Ralph Lauren.
  • C. Wheeler–DeWitt equation
    The Wheeler–DeWitt equation is a fundamental equation in quantum gravity that attempts to describe the quantum state of the entire universe without reference to time.
  • D. Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem
    The Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously establishes a systematic procedure for renormalizing divergent Feynman diagrams.
  • E. Landau–Lifshitz equations
    The Landau–Lifshitz equations are fundamental differential equations in theoretical physics that describe the dynamics of magnetization in ferromagnets and, more broadly, the behavior of fields in relativistic and nonrelativistic continuum theories.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Pais–Uhlenbeck oscillator
Triple: [Abraham Pais, notableIdea, Pais–Uhlenbeck oscillator]
Generated description
The Pais–Uhlenbeck oscillator is a higher-derivative harmonic oscillator model in theoretical physics that serves as a key example in the study of stability and quantization issues in higher-order field theories.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pais–Uhlenbeck oscillator
Target entity description: The Pais–Uhlenbeck oscillator is a higher-derivative harmonic oscillator model in theoretical physics that serves as a key example in the study of stability and quantization issues in higher-order field theories.
  • A. Bogoliubov–Mitropolsky asymptotic methods in nonlinear oscillations
    "Bogoliubov–Mitropolsky Asymptotic Methods in Nonlinear Oscillations" is a classic mathematical monograph that develops systematic asymptotic techniques for analyzing and approximating solutions of nonlinear oscillatory systems.
  • B. Lifshitz
    Lifshitz is the original family surname of American fashion designer and business magnate Ralph Lauren.
  • C. Wheeler–DeWitt equation
    The Wheeler–DeWitt equation is a fundamental equation in quantum gravity that attempts to describe the quantum state of the entire universe without reference to time.
  • D. Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem
    The Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously establishes a systematic procedure for renormalizing divergent Feynman diagrams.
  • E. Landau–Lifshitz equations
    The Landau–Lifshitz equations are fundamental differential equations in theoretical physics that describe the dynamics of magnetization in ferromagnets and, more broadly, the behavior of fields in relativistic and nonrelativistic continuum theories.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd43f9efa081908314cb3e94fa1695 completed March 20, 2026, 12:56 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd6c96f4dc81909e3186159b5c75ab completed March 20, 2026, 3:49 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69be4dbbfe588190bae0aca210bea2bc completed March 21, 2026, 7:50 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69be4f6ceb60819080dc1ee93950a7f0 completed March 21, 2026, 7:57 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69be4fbc83188190af2c9767aa9272a7 completed March 21, 2026, 7:58 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:24 p.m.