Triple

T4790104
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Jacob Viner E106579 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Dumping: A Problem in International Trade
"Dumping: A Problem in International Trade" is a seminal economic study by Jacob Viner that systematically analyzes the causes, forms, and policy implications of dumping practices in international trade.
E470009 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Dumping: A Problem in International Trade | Statement: [Jacob Viner, notableWork, Dumping: A Problem in International Trade]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dumping: A Problem in International Trade
Context triple: [Jacob Viner, notableWork, Dumping: A Problem in International Trade]
  • A. History of the World Trade Organization
    The History of the World Trade Organization traces the evolution of the global trading system from the postwar GATT rounds through the creation and development of the WTO, highlighting key negotiations, institutional changes, and disputes that have shaped modern international trade governance.
  • B. Review of Significant Trade mechanism
    The Review of Significant Trade mechanism is a CITES process used to evaluate and address potentially unsustainable international trade in species listed in Appendix II, prompting recommendations and corrective actions to ensure their conservation.
  • C. GATT dispute settlement system
    The GATT dispute settlement system was the pre-1995 framework under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade for resolving trade disputes between member countries, characterized by weaker enforcement and more reliance on diplomatic negotiation than its WTO successor.
  • D. WTO Agreement on Preshipment Inspection
    The WTO Agreement on Preshipment Inspection is a World Trade Organization treaty that sets rules and disciplines for the use of preshipment inspection services to verify the quality, quantity, and price of traded goods before export.
  • E. WTO Agreement on Safeguards
    The WTO Agreement on Safeguards is a multilateral trade agreement that sets detailed rules and procedures for WTO members to temporarily restrict imports to protect domestic industries from serious injury caused by sudden import surges.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Dumping: A Problem in International Trade
Triple: [Jacob Viner, notableWork, Dumping: A Problem in International Trade]
Generated description
"Dumping: A Problem in International Trade" is a seminal economic study by Jacob Viner that systematically analyzes the causes, forms, and policy implications of dumping practices in international trade.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dumping: A Problem in International Trade
Target entity description: "Dumping: A Problem in International Trade" is a seminal economic study by Jacob Viner that systematically analyzes the causes, forms, and policy implications of dumping practices in international trade.
  • A. History of the World Trade Organization
    The History of the World Trade Organization traces the evolution of the global trading system from the postwar GATT rounds through the creation and development of the WTO, highlighting key negotiations, institutional changes, and disputes that have shaped modern international trade governance.
  • B. Review of Significant Trade mechanism
    The Review of Significant Trade mechanism is a CITES process used to evaluate and address potentially unsustainable international trade in species listed in Appendix II, prompting recommendations and corrective actions to ensure their conservation.
  • C. GATT dispute settlement system
    The GATT dispute settlement system was the pre-1995 framework under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade for resolving trade disputes between member countries, characterized by weaker enforcement and more reliance on diplomatic negotiation than its WTO successor.
  • D. WTO Agreement on Preshipment Inspection
    The WTO Agreement on Preshipment Inspection is a World Trade Organization treaty that sets rules and disciplines for the use of preshipment inspection services to verify the quality, quantity, and price of traded goods before export.
  • E. WTO Agreement on Safeguards
    The WTO Agreement on Safeguards is a multilateral trade agreement that sets detailed rules and procedures for WTO members to temporarily restrict imports to protect domestic industries from serious injury caused by sudden import surges.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd43f591c881909e5a532388b0f3f3 completed March 20, 2026, 12:56 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd65dce6888190a0b1bdf416fb62b9 completed March 20, 2026, 3:21 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69be43e8f9dc8190b4e932d179e2f097 completed March 21, 2026, 7:08 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69be4603d32c819092c3c48a3ba41833 completed March 21, 2026, 7:17 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69be472cd6b88190bc998340ffd2b66e completed March 21, 2026, 7:22 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:22 p.m.