Triple

T4767351
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Richard Swinburne E105844 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Epistemic Justification
Epistemic Justification is a work in philosophy that examines how and when beliefs are rationally supported by evidence and reasoning.
E468339 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Epistemic Justification | Statement: [Richard Swinburne, notableWork, Epistemic Justification]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Epistemic Justification
Context triple: [Richard Swinburne, notableWork, Epistemic Justification]
  • A. Nyaya epistemology
    Nyaya epistemology is a classical Indian philosophical system that rigorously analyzes valid knowledge, inference, perception, and logical reasoning to establish reliable means of knowing reality.
  • B. Reformed epistemology
    Reformed epistemology is a school of thought in religious epistemology that argues belief in God can be rational and properly basic without requiring inferential evidence or arguments.
  • C. Epistemology Without a Knowing Subject
    Epistemology Without a Knowing Subject is a philosophical work by Karl Popper that develops his theory of objective knowledge by arguing that knowledge can be understood independently of any particular knowing subject.
  • D. The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge
    The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge is a 1940 philosophical work by A. J. Ayer that defends logical empiricism by critically examining sense-data theories and the justification of empirical beliefs.
  • E. Epistemology Naturalized
    Epistemology Naturalized is W.V.O. Quine’s influential proposal to reconceive traditional epistemology as a branch of empirical psychology, focusing on how humans actually form beliefs rather than on a priori justification.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Epistemic Justification
Triple: [Richard Swinburne, notableWork, Epistemic Justification]
Generated description
Epistemic Justification is a work in philosophy that examines how and when beliefs are rationally supported by evidence and reasoning.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Epistemic Justification
Target entity description: Epistemic Justification is a work in philosophy that examines how and when beliefs are rationally supported by evidence and reasoning.
  • A. Nyaya epistemology
    Nyaya epistemology is a classical Indian philosophical system that rigorously analyzes valid knowledge, inference, perception, and logical reasoning to establish reliable means of knowing reality.
  • B. Reformed epistemology
    Reformed epistemology is a school of thought in religious epistemology that argues belief in God can be rational and properly basic without requiring inferential evidence or arguments.
  • C. Epistemology Without a Knowing Subject
    Epistemology Without a Knowing Subject is a philosophical work by Karl Popper that develops his theory of objective knowledge by arguing that knowledge can be understood independently of any particular knowing subject.
  • D. The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge
    The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge is a 1940 philosophical work by A. J. Ayer that defends logical empiricism by critically examining sense-data theories and the justification of empirical beliefs.
  • E. Epistemology Naturalized
    Epistemology Naturalized is W.V.O. Quine’s influential proposal to reconceive traditional epistemology as a branch of empirical psychology, focusing on how humans actually form beliefs rather than on a priori justification.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd43f226fc8190b867cc249c2a9042 completed March 20, 2026, 12:56 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd65367a648190aaf0e34061ec7b43 completed March 20, 2026, 3:18 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69be3a8bd5248190bd6cc79170919148 completed March 21, 2026, 6:28 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69be3e4e03588190ba7556580b2dc11b completed March 21, 2026, 6:44 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69be3ef6be348190af539ecd1e2871d0 completed March 21, 2026, 6:47 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:21 p.m.