Triple

T4681196
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Nikolay Bogolyubov E103805 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem
The Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously establishes a systematic procedure for renormalizing divergent Feynman diagrams.
E461418 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem | Statement: [Nikolay Bogolyubov, notableWork, Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem
Context triple: [Nikolay Bogolyubov, notableWork, Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem]
  • A. Gell-Mann–Low theorem
    The Gell-Mann–Low theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously connects interacting quantum fields to free fields via the adiabatic switching-on of interactions, underpinning the use of perturbation theory and the Dyson series.
  • B. Faddeev’s axioms
    Faddeev’s axioms are a set of conditions characterizing Shannon entropy in information theory, providing an alternative but equivalent axiomatization to the Shannon–Khinchin framework.
  • C. Wick’s theorem
    Wick’s theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that expresses time-ordered products of field operators as sums of normal-ordered products with all possible contractions, forming the basis for deriving Feynman rules and diagrammatic expansions.
  • D. de Bruijn–van Aardenne–Ehrenfest theorem
    The de Bruijn–van Aardenne–Ehrenfest theorem is a fundamental result in combinatorics that characterizes the number of Eulerian circuits in directed graphs, particularly de Bruijn graphs, and underpins constructions in coding theory and discrete mathematics.
  • E. Feynman–Hellmann theorem
    The Feynman–Hellmann theorem is a result in quantum mechanics that relates the derivative of an energy eigenvalue with respect to a parameter in the Hamiltonian to the expectation value of the corresponding derivative of the Hamiltonian.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem
Triple: [Nikolay Bogolyubov, notableWork, Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem]
Generated description
The Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously establishes a systematic procedure for renormalizing divergent Feynman diagrams.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem
Target entity description: The Bogoliubov–Parasyuk theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously establishes a systematic procedure for renormalizing divergent Feynman diagrams.
  • A. Gell-Mann–Low theorem
    The Gell-Mann–Low theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously connects interacting quantum fields to free fields via the adiabatic switching-on of interactions, underpinning the use of perturbation theory and the Dyson series.
  • B. Faddeev’s axioms
    Faddeev’s axioms are a set of conditions characterizing Shannon entropy in information theory, providing an alternative but equivalent axiomatization to the Shannon–Khinchin framework.
  • C. Wick’s theorem
    Wick’s theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that expresses time-ordered products of field operators as sums of normal-ordered products with all possible contractions, forming the basis for deriving Feynman rules and diagrammatic expansions.
  • D. de Bruijn–van Aardenne–Ehrenfest theorem
    The de Bruijn–van Aardenne–Ehrenfest theorem is a fundamental result in combinatorics that characterizes the number of Eulerian circuits in directed graphs, particularly de Bruijn graphs, and underpins constructions in coding theory and discrete mathematics.
  • E. Feynman–Hellmann theorem
    The Feynman–Hellmann theorem is a result in quantum mechanics that relates the derivative of an energy eigenvalue with respect to a parameter in the Hamiltonian to the expectation value of the corresponding derivative of the Hamiltonian.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd43debbf08190b4bc372e286ec234 completed March 20, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd636d306081908ff512896f54cb10 completed March 20, 2026, 3:10 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69be03ac44d481908ecb1fe84184a886 completed March 21, 2026, 2:34 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69be048d53d08190a72fb6d2e788e3c9 completed March 21, 2026, 2:38 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69be0529868c8190b20e8966315b263a completed March 21, 2026, 2:40 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:16 p.m.