Triple
T4677584
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Oskar Klein |
E103718
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Klein–Nishina formula |
E83430
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Klein–Nishina formula | Statement: [Oskar Klein, notableWork, Klein–Nishina formula]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Klein–Nishina formula Context triple: [Oskar Klein, notableWork, Klein–Nishina formula]
-
A.
Klein–Nishina formula
chosen
The Klein–Nishina formula is a fundamental result in quantum electrodynamics that gives the differential cross section for Compton scattering of photons by free electrons, incorporating relativistic and quantum effects.
-
B.
Thomson cross section
The Thomson cross section is a fundamental physical constant that quantifies the effective area for low-energy (classical) scattering of electromagnetic radiation by a free charged particle, typically an electron.
-
C.
Compton effect
The Compton effect is the increase in wavelength (and corresponding decrease in energy) of X-rays or gamma rays when they scatter off electrons, providing key evidence for the particle nature of light.
-
D.
Kramers–Heisenberg dispersion formula
The Kramers–Heisenberg dispersion formula is a fundamental quantum mechanical expression that describes how light is scattered by atoms and molecules, forming the basis for understanding phenomena such as Raman scattering and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering.
-
E.
Kramers opacity law
Kramers opacity law is a fundamental relation in astrophysics that describes how the opacity of stellar material depends on its density and temperature, crucial for modeling energy transport inside stars.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69bd43dda32c8190938b37744ca270fc |
completed | March 20, 2026, 12:55 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69bd63698a548190831863adddd32f31 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 3:10 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69be03a0d5c88190a9b40e1ca7d165ff |
completed | March 21, 2026, 2:34 a.m. |
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:16 p.m.