Triple

T4677583
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Oskar Klein E103718 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Klein paradox
The Klein paradox is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in relativistic wave equations where particles can pass through high potential barriers with unexpectedly high transmission probabilities, challenging classical intuition about reflection and tunneling.
E460374 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Klein paradox | Statement: [Oskar Klein, notableWork, Klein paradox]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Klein paradox
Context triple: [Oskar Klein, notableWork, Klein paradox]
  • A. Kapitza–Dirac effect
    The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
  • B. Aharonov–Bohm effect
    The Aharonov–Bohm effect is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which charged particles are influenced by electromagnetic potentials in regions where the classical electromagnetic fields are zero, revealing the physical significance of potentials in quantum theory.
  • C. Schwinger effect
    The Schwinger effect is a quantum field theory phenomenon in which extremely strong electric fields can spontaneously create particle–antiparticle pairs from the vacuum.
  • D. Dirac sea
    The Dirac sea is a theoretical model in quantum physics proposing an infinite "sea" of negative-energy electron states to explain the existence of antimatter and the behavior of relativistic electrons.
  • E. Aharonov–Casher effect
    The Aharonov–Casher effect is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which a neutral particle with a magnetic moment acquires a measurable phase shift when moving around a line of electric charge, illustrating the significance of electromagnetic potentials.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Klein paradox
Triple: [Oskar Klein, notableWork, Klein paradox]
Generated description
The Klein paradox is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in relativistic wave equations where particles can pass through high potential barriers with unexpectedly high transmission probabilities, challenging classical intuition about reflection and tunneling.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Klein paradox
Target entity description: The Klein paradox is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in relativistic wave equations where particles can pass through high potential barriers with unexpectedly high transmission probabilities, challenging classical intuition about reflection and tunneling.
  • A. Kapitza–Dirac effect
    The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
  • B. Aharonov–Bohm effect
    The Aharonov–Bohm effect is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which charged particles are influenced by electromagnetic potentials in regions where the classical electromagnetic fields are zero, revealing the physical significance of potentials in quantum theory.
  • C. Schwinger effect
    The Schwinger effect is a quantum field theory phenomenon in which extremely strong electric fields can spontaneously create particle–antiparticle pairs from the vacuum.
  • D. Dirac sea
    The Dirac sea is a theoretical model in quantum physics proposing an infinite "sea" of negative-energy electron states to explain the existence of antimatter and the behavior of relativistic electrons.
  • E. Aharonov–Casher effect
    The Aharonov–Casher effect is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which a neutral particle with a magnetic moment acquires a measurable phase shift when moving around a line of electric charge, illustrating the significance of electromagnetic potentials.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd43dda32c8190938b37744ca270fc completed March 20, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd63698a548190831863adddd32f31 completed March 20, 2026, 3:10 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69be03a0d5c88190a9b40e1ca7d165ff completed March 21, 2026, 2:34 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69be04f8aeac81909ec199c83af6df39 completed March 21, 2026, 2:39 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69be05608ee08190acf947144998660c completed March 21, 2026, 2:41 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:16 p.m.